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Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1389-5575
ISSN (Online): 1875-5607

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Review Article

Chromenes - A Novel Class of Heterocyclic Compounds: Recent Advancements and Future Directions

Author(s): Anurag Chaudhary*, Kalpana Singh, Nishant Verma, Sachin Kumar, Deepak Kumar and Prince Prashant Sharma

Volume 22, Issue 21, 2022

Published on: 25 May, 2022

Page: [2736 - 2751] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220331161636

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Abstract

Chromenes are an important class of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds with intriguing biological activity, a simple structure with mild adverse effects. Chromenes are abundantly found in nature in the form of alkaloids, tocopherols, flavone, and anthocyanins. The Chromene nucleus is an important moiety for the discovery of new drug candidates. Chromene derivatives have shown various pharmacological activities like antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitumour, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, anticholinesterase, EPR-1 (Effector cell Protease Receptor-1) antagonist and MAO (Mono-Amine Oxidase) inhibitors. In SAR (Structure Activity Relationship) studies with chromene nucleus, it was found that 4-aryl moiety, 3-cyano group, and 2-amino group are essential for the cytotoxic activity. Substitution at the 7th position with electron donating group enhances the pharmacological activity whereas the electron withdrawing group decreases the pharmacological activity. Structural modifications at the chromene ring, middle aliphatic portion, and terminal aromatic ring yielded more potential 5-HT1A (5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A) receptor affinity and antidiabetic activity. Chromenes with cyclic secondary amine and 4-hydroxy phenyl substituents yielded potent antimicrobial compounds. This review summarizes the importance of chromenes in rational drug design and the development of novel molecules with a variety of pharmacological activities.

Keywords: Chromenes, heterocyclic compounds, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, pharmacological activities.

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