Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Nutrition & Food Science

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4013
ISSN (Online): 2212-3881

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
conference banner
Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of pathologies that involve heart and blood vessel disorders and are considered the main cause of death in the world. Epidemiological studies have shown the association between low vitamin D (VD) levels and CVD. This vitamin, in addition to acting on bone metabolism, plays a role in modulating the cardiovascular system.

Objective: The present study assesses the effects of VD levels on CVD through a systematic literature review.

Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the PICO strategy was used to prepare the guiding question, and articles were searched in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases by two authors independently. To guarantee the quality of the evidence of the articles included in the review, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used. The literature review followed the PRISMA recommendations.

Results: In this review, 22,757 articles were identified, but only 10 were considered eligible, of which 70 % are prospective cohorts and 30 % are retrospective cohorts. The study showed that low 25(OH)D levels correlate with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death from CVD, including in patients who had preexisting CVD. However, one article did not demonstrate this association.

Conclusion: As a result, VD correlates with cardiovascular events and the risk of death.

Keywords: Vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, cardiovascular disease, heart disease, risk factors, serum levels.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
World Health Organization WHO Media Centre Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) fact sheet. Geneva: World Health Organization 2017.
[2]
Oberoi D, Mehrotra V, Rawat A. “Vitamin D” as a profile marker for cardiovascular diseases. Ann Card Anaesth 2019; 22(1): 47-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_66_18] [PMID: 30648679]
[3]
Schöttker B, Ball D, Gellert C, Brenner H. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and overall mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12(2): 708-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2012.02.004] [PMID: 22343489]
[4]
Vatakencherry RMJ, Saraswathy L. Association between vitamin D and hypertension in people coming for health check up to a tertiary care centre in South India. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8(6): 2061-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_236_19] [PMID: 31334180]
[5]
Wang L, Song Y, Manson JE, et al. Circulating 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2012; 5(6): 819-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.967604] [PMID: 23149428]
[6]
Wang T, Sun H, Ge H, et al. Association between vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular disease in Chinese rural population. PLoS One 2019; 14(5)e0217311
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217311] [PMID: 31120983]
[7]
Castro LC. The vitamin D endocrine system. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2011; 55(8): 566-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0004-27302011000800010] [PMID: 22218438]
[8]
Jorge AJL, Cordeiro JR, Rosa MLG, Bianchi DBC, Vitamin D. deficiency and cardiovascular diseases. Int J Cardiovasc Sci 2018; 31(4): 422-32.
[9]
Rafaelli RA, Nomura PR, Figueira FD, Santos ICP de F, Silva LF da RS, Venturini D. Influence of vitamin D on endocrinometabolic diseases. Semin Cienc Biol Saude 2015; 36(1): 333-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0367.2015v36n1Suplp333]
[10]
De Oliveira V, Lara GM, Lourenço ED, Boff BD, Stauder GZ. Influence of vitamin D in human health. Acta Bioquim Clin Latinoam 2014; 48(3): 329-37.
[11]
Bajaj A, Stone KL, Peters K, et al. Circulating vitamin D, supplement use, and cardiovascular disease risk: The MrOS Sleep Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99(9): 3256-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-4178] [PMID: 24670083]
[12]
Bendik I, Friedel A, Roos FF, Weber P, Eggersdorfer M, Vitamin D. A critical and essential micronutrient for human health. Front Physiol 2014; 5(248): 248.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00248] [PMID: 25071593]
[13]
Bahrami LS, Sezavar Seyedi Jandaghi SH, Janani L, et al. Vitamin D supplementation and serum heat shock protein 60 levels in patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15(1): 56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-018-0292-9] [PMID: 30093913]
[14]
Palacios C, Gonzalez L. Is vitamin D deficiency a major global public health problem? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 144(PtA): 138-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.11.003]
[15]
Hossein-nezhad A, Holick MF. Vitamin D for health: A global perspective. Mayo Clin Proc 2013; 88(7): 720-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.05.011] [PMID: 23790560]
[16]
Monteiro FC. Junior, Mandarino NR, Salgado JVL, Lages JS, Salgado Filho N, Vitamin D. Deficiency: A new cardiovascular risk factor? Rev Bras Cardiol 2014; 27(5): 356-65.
[17]
Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, Peterson J. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa, ON: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 2000.
[18]
Galvão TF, Pansani TSA, Harrad D. Main items to report Systematic reviews and Meta-analyzes: The PRISMA recommendation. Epidemiol Serv Saude 2015; 24(2): 335-42.
[19]
Semba RD, Houston DK, Bandinelli S, et al. Relationship of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in older community-dwelling adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64(2): 203-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2009.140] [PMID: 19953106]
[20]
Fiscella K, Franks P. Vitamin D, race, and cardiovascular mortality: Findings from a national US sample. Ann Fam Med 2010; 8(1): 11-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.1035] [PMID: 20065273]
[21]
Dobnig H, Pilz S, Scharnagl H, et al. Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168(12): 1340-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.168.12.1340] [PMID: 18574092]
[22]
Gotsman I, Shauer A, Zwas DR, et al. Vitamin D deficiency is a predictor of reduced survival in patients with heart failure; vitamin D supplementation improves outcome. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14(4): 357-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfr175] [PMID: 22308011]
[23]
Welles CC, Whooley MA, Karumanchi SA, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease: Data from the Heart and Soul Study. Am J Epidemiol 2014; 179(11): 1279-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwu059] [PMID: 24699783]
[24]
Durup D, Jørgensen HL, Christensen J, et al. A reverse J-shaped association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cardiovascular disease mortality: The CopD study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100(6): 2339-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-4551] [PMID: 25710567]
[25]
Karakas M, Thorand B, Zierer A, et al. Low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction, especially in women: Results from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg case-cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98(1): 272-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-2368] [PMID: 23150690]
[26]
Juonala M, Voipio A, Pahkala K, et al. Childhood 25-OH vitamin D levels and carotid intima-media thickness in adulthood: The cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100(4): 1469-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3944] [PMID: 25668290]
[27]
Lutsey PL, Michos ED, Misialek JR, et al. Race and vitamin D binding protein gene polymorphisms modify the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and incident heart failure. The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) Study. JACC Heart Fail 2015; 3(5): 347-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2014.11.013] [PMID: 25863973]
[28]
Wannamethee SG, Welsh P, Papacosta O, Lennon L, Whincup PH, Sattar N. Elevated parathyroid hormone, but not vitamin D deficiency, is associated with increased risk of heart failure in older men with and without cardiovascular disease. Circ Heart Fail 2014; 7(5): 732-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001272] [PMID: 25104043]
[29]
Brinkley DM, Ali OM, Zalawadiya SK, Wang TJ. Vitamin D and heart failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2017; 14(5): 410-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11897-017-0355-7] [PMID: 28808858]
[30]
Brøndum-Jacobsen P, Benn M, Jensen GB, Nordestgaard BG. 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels and risk of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and early death: Population-based study and meta-analyses of 18 and 17 studies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32(11): 2794-802.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.248039] [PMID: 22936341]
[31]
Beveridge LA, Witham MD. Vitamin D and the cardiovascular system. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24(8): 2167-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00198-013-2281-1] [PMID: 23468072]
[32]
Danik JS, Manson JE. Vitamin d and cardiovascular disease. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol 2012; 14(4): 414-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11936-012-0183-8] [PMID: 22689009]
[33]
Assalin HB, Rafacho BP, dos Santos PP, et al. Impact of the length of vitamin D deficiency on cardiac remodeling. Circ Heart Fail 2013; 6(4): 809-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.000298] [PMID: 23709660]
[34]
Rai V, Agrawal DK. Role of Vitamin D in cardiovascular diseases. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2017; 46(4): 1039-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2017.07.009] [PMID: 29080634]
[35]
Al Mheid I, Patel R, Murrow J, et al. Vitamin D status is associated with arterial stiffness and vascular dysfunction in healthy humans. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(2): 186-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.051] [PMID: 21718915]
[36]
Zhang R, Li B, Gao X, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of cardiovascular disease: Dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105(4): 810-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.116.140392] [PMID: 28251933]
[37]
Schmid A, Walther B. Natural vitamin D content in animal products. Adv Nutr 2013; 4(4): 453-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.113.003780] [PMID: 23858093]
[38]
Black LJ, Seamans KM, Cashman KD, Kiely M. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of vitamin D food fortification. J Nutr 2012; 142(6): 1102-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.112.158014] [PMID: 22513988]
[39]
Brøndum-Jacobsen P, Nordestgaard BG, Schnohr P, Benn M. 25-hydroxyvitamin D and symptomatic ischemic stroke: An original study and meta-analysis. Ann Neurol 2013; 73(1): 38-47.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.23738] [PMID: 23225498]
[40]
Fall T, Shiue I, Bergeå af Geijerstam P, et al. Relations of circulating vitamin D concentrations with left ventricular geometry and function. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14(9): 985-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs091] [PMID: 22723659]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
18
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy