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Current Bioactive Compounds

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ISSN (Print): 1573-4072
ISSN (Online): 1875-6646

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Research Article

Antibacterial Activity of the Phenolic Extract of Wild Virgin Olive Oil In Vitro

Author(s): Khalida Bouarroudj-Hamici, Soraya Mettouchi, Lynda Medjkouh-Rezzak, Romain Larbat and Abderezak Tamendjari*

Volume 18, Issue 6, 2022

Published on: 02 March, 2022

Article ID: e301221199684 Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573407218666211230143156

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The olive tree (Olea europaea L.), the most widespread plant species in the Mediterranean basin, includes two forms: cultivated (var Europaea) and wild (var Sylvestris). Wild olive trees or oleasters cover large areas in Algeria. It has been shown that oil from oleaster has a higher content of phenolic compounds, which could have antimicrobial properties.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts from four Algerian oleaster oils and an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from Chemlal variety.

Methods: Phenolic compounds were determined by UHPLC-MS. Antibacterial activity was tested against six referenced human enteropathogenic bacteria by the agar disc diffusion method by measuring the diameters of the zone of inhibition.

Results: The results revealed a similarity between the phenolic composition of oleasters 1 and 3 and between oleaster 4 and EVOO; however, the phenolic composition of oleaster 2 that the poorer was markedly different with a higher content of free phenolic alcohols and lower in secoiridoids. Almost all bacteria showed to be sensitive against the antibiotics, with the value of ZOI ranging from 5-32 mm; otherwise, most of the oleaster extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activity than the EVOO with ZOI values of 7-12mm. A significant correlation was noted between phenolic content and antibacterial activity.

Conclusion: These results show that oleaster oil can be considered a high potential food.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Wild olive, oleaster, phenolic compounds, UHPLC.

Graphical Abstract

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