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Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5206
ISSN (Online): 1875-5992

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Research Article

5-Fluorouracil-Impregnated PLGA Coated Gold Nanoparticles for Augmented Delivery to Lung Cancer: In Vitro Investigations

Author(s): Rashmi Gupta, Leena Vishwakarma, Sunil Kant Guleri and Gourav Kumar*

Volume 22, Issue 12, 2022

Published on: 07 March, 2022

Page: [2292 - 2302] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666211224103110

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to investigate the augmented cytotoxic effects of polymer-coated (polylactic- co-glycolic acid-PLGA) gold nanoparticles (GNPs) carrying 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the management of lung cancer.

Methods: In this study, several formulations were prepared using a double emulsion (water-oil-water) method and evaluated for drug release behavior, compatibility, cell line toxicity (A549), and apoptosis assessment.

Results: Characterization results showed spherical polydispersed particles with size 29.11-178.21 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) 0.191-292, and zeta potential (ZP) 11.19-29.21 (-mV), respectively. Compared to others, the optimized polymer-coated 5-FU loaded gold nanoparticles (PFGNPs) illustrated a maximum drug loading (93.09±10.75%). The percent cumulative drug release of polymer-coated 5-FU loaded nanoparticles (PFNPs), 5-FU loaded gold nanoparticles (FGNPs), (PFGNPs) and 5-FU solution were 47.87±1.5, 41.09±1.8, 56.31±1.05, and 98.8±4.2%, respectively, over 10 h. following zero-order release kinetics (except 5-FU solution). From the MTT results, the cytotoxic effect of PFGNPs on the A549 cells was 82.89% compared to the 5-FU solution (74.91 %). EGFR and KRAS gene expression analysis under the influence of PFNPs, FGNPs, PFGNPs, and 5-FU was studied and observed maximum potency for PFNPs.

Conclusion: PLGA coated biogenic gold nanoparticles have a combined effect to achieve high drug loading, sustained delivery, improved efficacy, and enhanced permeation. Conclusively, the approach may be promising to control lung cancer with reduced toxicity and improved efficacy.

Keywords: Biogenic gold nanoparticles, 5-fluorouracil, polymer-coated, A549 lung cancer cell lines, apoptosis assessment, drug delivery.

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