Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Sleep Markers in Psychiatry: Do Insomnia and Disturbed Sleep Play as Markers of Disrupted Neuroplasticity in Mood Disorders? A Proposed Model

Author(s): Laura Palagini*, Pierre Alexis Geoffroy and Dieter Riemann

Volume 29, Issue 35, 2022

Published on: 19 January, 2022

Page: [5595 - 5605] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211214164907

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Since insomnia and disturbed sleep may affect neuroplasticity, we aimed at reviewing their potential role as markers of disrupted neuroplasticity involved in mood disorders.

Methods: We performed a systematic review, according to PRIMA, on PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase electronic databases for literature regarding mood disorders, insomnia, sleep loss/deprivation in relation to different pathways involved in the impairment of neuroplasticity in mood disorders such as (1) alterations in neurodevelopment (2) activation of the stress system (3) neuroinflammation (4) neurodegeneration/neuroprogression, (5) deficit in neuroprotection.

Results: Sixty-five articles were analyzed and a narrative/ theoretical review was conducted. Studies showed that insomnia, sleep loss and sleep deprivation might impair brain plasticity of those areas involved in mood regulation throughout different pathways. Insomnia and disrupted sleep may act as neurobiological stressors by over-activating the stress and inflammatory systems, which may affect neural plasticity causing neuronal damage. In addition, disturbed sleep may favor a deficit in neuroprotection hence contributing to impaired neuroplasticity.

Conclusion: Insomnia and disturbed sleep may play a role as markers of alteration in brain plasticity in mood disorders. Assessing and targeting insomnia in the clinical practice may potentially play a neuroprotective role, contributing to “repairing” alterations in neuroplasticity or to the functional recovery of those areas involved in mood and emotion regulation.

Keywords: Insomnia, sleep loss, mood disorders, neuronal plasticity, sleep markers, neuroprogression, neuroinflammation, activation of stress system, oxidative stress, neuroprotection deficit.

« Previous Next »
[1]
Geoffroy, P.A.; Gottlieb, J. Activity, cognition, and emotion: Three dimensional pillars of the natural presentations of mood disorders enriched by the “sleep” fourth dimension (ACES). Bipolar Disord., 2020, 22(6), 631-632.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12957] [PMID: 32558090]
[2]
Hensch, T.; Wozniak, D.; Spada, J.; Sander, C.; Ulke, C.; Wittekind, D.A.; Thiery, J.; Löffler, M.; Jawinski, P.; Hegerl, U. Vulnerability to bipolar disorder is linked to sleep and sleepiness. Transl. Psychiatry, 2019, 9(1), 294.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-019-0632-1] [PMID: 31712668]
[3]
Hertenstein, E.; Feige, B.; Gmeiner, T.; Kienzler, C.; Spiegelhalder, K.; Johann, A.; Jansson-Fröjmark, M.; Palagini, L.; Rücker, G.; Riemann, D.; Baglioni, C. Insomnia as a predictor of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med. Rev., 2019, 43, 96-105.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2018.10.006] [PMID: 30537570]
[4]
Palagini, L.; Bastien, C.H.; Marazziti, D.; Ellis, J.G.; Riemann, D. The key role of insomnia and sleep loss in the dysregulation of multiple systems involved in mood disorders: A proposed model. J. Sleep Res., 2019, 28(6), e12841.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12841] [PMID: 30968511]
[5]
Palagini, L.; Domschke, K.; Benedetti, F.; Foster, R.G.; Wulff, K.; Riemann, D. Developmental pathways towards mood disorders in adult life: Is there a role for sleep disturbances? J. Affect. Disord., 2019, 243, 121-132.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.011] [PMID: 30243192]
[6]
Geoffroy, P.A.; Palagini, L. Biological rhythms and chronotherapeutics in depression. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 2021, 106, 110158.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110158] [PMID: 33152388]
[7]
Ritter, P.S.; Höfler, M.; Wittchen, H.U.; Lieb, R.; Bauer, M.; Pfennig, A.; Beesdo-Baum, K. Disturbed sleep as risk factor for the subsequent onset of bipolar disorder-Data from a 10-year prospective-longitudinal study among adolescents and young adults. J. Psychiatr. Res., 2015, 68, 76-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.06.005] [PMID: 26228404]
[8]
Pigeon, W.R.; Bishop, T.M.; Krueger, K.M. Insomnia as a precipitating factor in new onset mental illness: A systematic review of recent findings. Curr. Psychiatry Rep., 2017, 19(8), 44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0802-x] [PMID: 28616860]
[9]
Kanady, J.C.; Soehner, A.M.; Klein, A.B.; Harvey, A.G. The association between insomnia-related sleep disruptions and cognitive dysfunction during the inter-episode phase of bipolar disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res., 2017, 88, 80-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.01.001] [PMID: 28088728]
[10]
Geoffroy, P.A.; Hoertel, N.; Etain, B.; Bellivier, F.; Delorme, R.; Limosin, F.; Peyre, H. Insomnia and hypersomnia in major depressive episode: Prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity in a population-based study. J. Affect. Disord., 2018, 226, 132-141.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.09.032] [PMID: 28972930]
[11]
Fava, G.A.; Rafanelli, C. Iatrogenic factors in psychopathology. Psychother. Psychosom., 2019, 88(3), 129-140.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500151] [PMID: 31085917]
[12]
Palagini, L.; Cipollone, G.; Masci, I.; Caruso, D.; Paolilli, F.; Perugi, G.; Riemann, D. Insomnia symptoms predict emotional dysregulation, impulsivity and suicidality in depressive bipolar II patients with mixed features. Compr. Psychiatry, 2019, 89, 46-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.12.009] [PMID: 30593973]
[13]
Kamphuis, J.; Dijk, D.J.; Spreen, M.; Lancel, M. The relation between poor sleep, impulsivity and aggression in forensic psychiatric patients. Physiol. Behav., 2014, 123, 168-173.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.10.015] [PMID: 24184508]
[14]
Palagini, L.; Miniati, M.; Marazziti, D.; Sharma, V.; Riemann, D. Association among early life stress, mood features, hopelessness and suicidal risk in bipolar disorder: The potential contribution of insomnia symptoms. J. Psychiatr. Res., 2021, 135, 52-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.069] [PMID: 33445061]
[15]
Geoffroy, P.A.; Micoulaud Franchi, J.A.; Lopez, R.; Poirot, I.; Brion, A.; Royant-Parola, S.; Etain, B. How to characterize and treat sleep complaints in bipolar disorders?. Encephale, 2017, 43(4), 363-373.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2016.06.007] [PMID: 27669996]
[16]
Gebara, M.A.; Siripong, N.; DiNapoli, E.A.; Maree, R.D.; Germain, A.; Reynolds, C.F.; Kasckow, J.W.; Weiss, P.M.; Karp, J.F. Effect of insomnia treatments on depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress. Anxiety, 2018, 35(8), 717-731.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.22776] [PMID: 29782076]
[17]
Asarnow, L.D.; Manber, R. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in depression. Sleep Med. Clin., 2019, 14(2), 177-184.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.01.009] [PMID: 31029185]
[18]
Bauer, M.; Grof, P.; Rasgon, N.; Bschor, T.; Glenn, T.; Whybrow, P.C. Temporal relation between sleep and mood in patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord., 2006, 8(2), 160-167.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00294.x] [PMID: 16542186]
[19]
Lewis, K.S.; Gordon-Smith, K.; Forty, L.; Di Florio, A.; Craddock, N.; Jones, L.; Jones, I. Sleep loss as a trigger of mood episodes in bipolar disorder: Individual differences based on diagnostic subtype and gender. Br. J. Psychiatry, 2017, 211(3), 169-174.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.117.202259] [PMID: 28684405]
[20]
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed.; American Psychiatric Publications: Washington, 2013.
[21]
Benedetti, F.; Colombo, C. Sleep deprivation in mood disorders. Neuropsychobiology, 2011, 64(3), 141-151.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000328947] [PMID: 21811084]
[22]
Palagini, L.; Baglioni, C.; Ciapparelli, A.; Gemignani, A.; Riemann, D. REM sleep dysregulation in depression: state of the art. Sleep Med. Rev., 2013, 17(5), 377-390.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2012.11.001] [PMID: 23391633]
[23]
Freeman, D.; Sheaves, B.; Waite, F.; Harvey, A.G.; Harrison, P.J. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders. Lancet Psychiatry, 2020, 7(7), 628-637.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30136-X] [PMID: 32563308]
[24]
Geoffroy, P.A. Clock genes and light signaling alterations in bipolar disorder: When the biological clock is off. Biol. Psychiatry, 2018, 84(11), 775-777.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.09.006] [PMID: 30409265]
[25]
Logan, R.W.; McClung, C.A. Rhythms of life: Circadian disruption and brain disorders across the lifespan. Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2019, 20(1), 49-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41583-018-0088-y] [PMID: 30459365]
[26]
Palagini, L.; Geoffroy, P.A.; Miniati, M.; Perugi, G.; Biggio, G.; Marazziti, D.; Riemann, D. Insomnia, sleep loss, and circadian sleep disturbances in mood disorders: A pathway toward neurodegeneration and neuroprogression? A theoretical review. CNS Spectr., 2021, 2021, 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1092852921000018] [PMID: 33427150]
[27]
Lee, M.M.; Reif, A.; Schmitt, A.G. Major depression: A role for hippocampal neurogenesis? Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci., 2013, 14, 153-179.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2012_226] [PMID: 22903751]
[28]
Maletic, V.; Raison, C. Integrated neurobiology of bipolar disorder. Front. Psychiatry, 2014, 5, 98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00098] [PMID: 25202283]
[29]
Radaelli, D.; Sferrazza Papa, G.; Vai, B.; Poletti, S.; Smeraldi, E.; Colombo, C.; Benedetti, F. Fronto-limbic disconnection in bipolar disorder. Eur. Psychiatry, 2015, 30(1), 82-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.04.001] [PMID: 24853295]
[30]
Amad, A.; Expert, P.; Lord, L-D.; Fovet, T.; Geoffroy, P.A. Plastic adaptation to pathology in psychiatry: Are patients with psychiatric disorders pathological experts? Neuroscientist, 2020, 26(3), 208-223.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858419867083] [PMID: 31382825]
[31]
Tononi, G.; Cirelli, C. Sleep and the price of plasticity: From synaptic and cellular homeostasis to memory consolidation and integration. Neuron, 2014, 81(1), 12-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.025] [PMID: 24411729]
[32]
Riemann, D.; Nissen, C.; Palagini, L.; Otte, A.; Perlis, M.L.; Spiegelhalder, K. The neurobiology, investigation, and treatment of chronic insomnia. Lancet Neurol., 2015, 14(5), 547-558.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00021-6] [PMID: 25895933]
[33]
Moher, D.; Liberati, A.; Tetzlaff, J.; Altman, D.G. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Med., 2009, 6(7), e1000097.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097] [PMID: 19621072]
[34]
Gałecki, P.; Talarowska, M. Neurodevelopmental theory of depression. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 2018, 80(Pt C), 267-272.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.05.023] [PMID: 28571776]
[35]
Kurth, S.; Olini, N.; Huber, R.; LeBourgeois, M. Sleep and early cortical development. Curr. Sleep Med. Rep., 2015, 1(1), 64-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40675-014-0002-8] [PMID: 26807347]
[36]
Frank, M.G. Sleep and synaptic plasticity in the developing and adult brain. Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci., 2015, 25, 123-149.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2014_305] [PMID: 24671703]
[37]
Schmidt, C.; Peigneux, P.; Cajochen, C. Age-related changes in sleep and circadian rhythms: impact on cognitive performance and underlying neuroanatomical networks. Front. Neurol., 2012, 3, 118.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2012.00118] [PMID: 22855682]
[38]
Feinberg, I.; Davis, N.M.; de Bie, E.; Grimm, K.J.; Campbell, I.G. The maturational trajectories of NREM and REM sleep durations differ across adolescence on both school-night and extended sleep. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 2012, 302(5), R533-R540.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00532.2011] [PMID: 22116514]
[39]
Li, W.; Ma, L.; Yang, G.; Gan, W.B. REM sleep selectively prunes and maintains new synapses in development and learning. Nat. Neurosci., 2017, 20(3), 427-437.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.4479] [PMID: 28092659]
[40]
Feinberg, I.; Campbell, I.G. Sleep EEG changes during adolescence: An index of a fundamental brain reorganization. Brain Cogn., 2010, 72(1), 56-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2009.09.008] [PMID: 19883968]
[41]
Campbell, I.G.; Darchia, N.; Higgins, L.M.; Dykan, I.V.; Davis, N.M.; de Bie, E.; Feinberg, I. Adolescent changes in homeostatic regulation of EEG activity in the delta and theta frequency bands during NREM sleep. Sleep, 2011, 34(1), 83-91.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/34.1.83] [PMID: 21203377]
[42]
Feinberg, I.; Campbell, I.G. Longitudinal sleep EEG trajectories indicate complex patterns of adolescent brain maturation. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 2013, 304(4), R296-R303.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00422.2012] [PMID: 23193115]
[43]
Ringli, M.; Huber, R. Developmental aspects of sleep slow waves: Linking sleep, brain maturation and behavior. Prog. Brain Res., 2011, 193, 63-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53839-0.00005-3] [PMID: 21854956]
[44]
Johnson, F.K.; Kaffman, A. Early life stress perturbs the function of microglia in the developing rodent brain: New insights and future challenges. Brain Behav. Immun., 2018, 69, 18-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.06.008] [PMID: 28625767]
[45]
Cirelli, C.; Tononi, G. Sleep and synaptic homeostasis. Sleep, 2015, 38(1), 161-162.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5665/sleep.4348] [PMID: 25325499]
[46]
Cirelli, C; Tononi, G. The Sleeping Brain. Cerebrum, 2017, 2017, cer-07-17.
[47]
Borbély, A.A.; Daan, S.; Wirz-Justice, A.; Deboer, T. The two-process model of sleep regulation: A reappraisal. J. Sleep Res., 2016, 25(2), 131-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12371] [PMID: 26762182]
[48]
Goldstein, A.N.; Walker, M.P. The role of sleep in emotional brain function. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol., 2014, 10, 679-708.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153716] [PMID: 24499013]
[49]
Perogamvros, L.; Schwartz, S. Sleep and emotional functions. Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci., 2015, 25, 411-431.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2013_271] [PMID: 24385222]
[50]
Raven, F.; Van der Zee, E.A.; Meerlo, P.; Havekes, R. The role of sleep in regulating structural plasticity and synaptic strength: Implications for memory and cognitive function. Sleep Med. Rev., 2018, 39, 3-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.05.002] [PMID: 28641933]
[51]
Irwin, M.R.; Opp, M.R. Sleep health: Reciprocal regulation of sleep and innate immunity. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2017, 42(1), 129-155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2016.148] [PMID: 27510422]
[52]
Irwin, M.R.; Piber, D. Insomnia and inflammation: A two hit model of depression risk and prevention. World Psychiatry, 2018, 17(3), 359-361.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wps.20556] [PMID: 30229570]
[53]
Irwin, M.R. Sleep and inflammation: Partners in sickness and in health. Nat. Rev. Immunol., 2019, 19(11), 702-715.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41577-019-0190-z] [PMID: 31289370]
[54]
Besedovsky, L.; Lange, T.; Haack, M. The sleep-immune crosstalk in health and disease. Physiol. Rev., 2019, 99(3), 1325-1380.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00010.2018] [PMID: 30920354]
[55]
Hardeland, R. Aging, melatonin, and the pro- and anti-inflammatory networks. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2019, 20(5), 1223.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051223] [PMID: 30862067]
[56]
Lo Martire, V; Caruso, D; Palagini, L; Zoccoli, G; Bastianini, S. Stress & sleep: A relationship lasting a lifetime. Neurosci. Biobehav., 2019, 7634(19), 30149-6.
[57]
Villafuerte, G.; Miguel-Puga, A.; Rodríguez, E.M.; Machado, S.; Manjarrez, E.; Arias-Carrión, O. Sleep deprivation and oxidative stress in animal models: A systematic review. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev., 2015, 2015, 234952.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/234952] [PMID: 25945148]
[58]
Minakawa, E.N.; Wada, K.; Nagai, Y. Sleep disturbance as a potential modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2019, 20(4), 803.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040803] [PMID: 30781802]
[59]
Cardinali, D.P. Melatonin: Clinical perspectives in neurodegeneration. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne), 2019, 10, 480.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00480] [PMID: 31379746]
[60]
Owen, J.E.; Veasey, S.C. Impact of sleep disturbances on neurodegeneration: Insight from studies in animal models. Neurobiol. Dis., 2020, 139, 104820.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104820] [PMID: 32087293]
[61]
Archer, S.N.; Oster, H. How sleep and wakefulness influence circadian rhythmicity: Effects of insufficient and mistimed sleep on the animal and human transcriptome. J. Sleep Res., 2015, 24(5), 476-493.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12307] [PMID: 26059855]
[62]
McEwen, B.S.; Karatsoreos, I.N. Sleep deprivation and circadian disruption: Stress, allostasis, and allostatic load. Sleep Med. Clin., 2015, 10(1), 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2014.11.007] [PMID: 26055668]
[63]
Li, Y.; Wang, E.; Zhang, H.; Dou, S.; Liu, L.; Tong, L.; Lei, Y.; Wang, M.; Xu, J.; Shi, D.; Zhang, Q. Functional connectivity changes between parietal and prefrontal cortices in primary insomnia patients: Evidence from resting-state fMRI. Eur. J. Med. Res., 2014, 19, 32. b
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2047-783X-19-32] [PMID: 24915847]
[64]
Musiek, E.S.; Holtzman, D.M. Mechanisms linking circadian clocks, sleep, and neurodegeneration. Science, 2016, 354(6315), 1004-1008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aah4968] [PMID: 27885006]
[65]
Maes, M.; Yirmyia, R.; Noraberg, J.; Brene, S.; Hibbeln, J.; Perini, G.; Kubera, M.; Bob, P.; Lerer, B.; Maj, M. The inflammatory & neurodegenerative (I&ND) hypothesis of depression: Leads for future research and new drug developments in depression. Metab. Brain Dis., 2009, 24(1), 27-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-008-9118-1] [PMID: 19085093]
[66]
Madore, C.; Yin, Z.; Leibowitz, J.; Butovsky, O. Microglia, lifestyle stress, and neurodegeneration. Immunity, 2020, 52(2), 222-240.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.003] [PMID: 31924476]
[67]
Gulec, M.; Ozkol, H.; Selvi, Y.; Tuluce, Y.; Aydin, A.; Besiroglu, L.; Ozdemir, P.G. Oxidative stress in patients with primary insomnia. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 2012, 37(2), 247-251.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.02.011] [PMID: 22401887]
[68]
Belcaro, G.; Saggino, A.; Cornelli, U.; Luzzi, R.; Dugall, M.; Hosoi, M.; Feragalli, B.; Cesarone, M.R. Improvement in mood, oxidative stress, fatigue, and insomnia following labelplementary management with Robuvit®. J. Neurosurg. Sci., 2018, 62(4), 423-427.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.18.04384-9] [PMID: 29938480]
[69]
Brown, M.K.; Naidoo, N. The UPR and the anti-oxidant response: Relevance to sleep and sleep loss. Mol. Neurobiol., 2010, 42(2), 103-113.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-010-8114-8] [PMID: 20237865]
[70]
Spira, A.P.; Gamaldo, A.A.; An, Y.; Wu, M.N.; Simonsick, E.M.; Bilgel, M.; Zhou, Y.; Wong, D.F.; Ferrucci, L.; Resnick, S.M. Self-reported sleep and β-amyloid deposition in community-dwelling older adults. JAMA Neurol., 2013, 70(12), 1537-1543.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.4258] [PMID: 24145859]
[71]
Brown, B.M.; Rainey-Smith, S.R.; Villemagne, V.L.; Weinborn, M.; Bucks, R.S.; Sohrabi, H.R.; Laws, S.M.; Taddei, K.; Macaulay, S.L.; Ames, D.; Fowler, C.; Maruff, P.; Masters, C.L.; Rowe, C.C.; Martins, R.N. The relationship between sleep quality and brain amyloid burden. Sleep, 2016, 39(5), 1063-1068.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5665/sleep.5756] [PMID: 27091528]
[72]
Chen, D.W.; Wang, J.; Zhang, L.L.; Wang, Y.J.; Gao, C.Y. Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β levels are increased in patients with insomnia. J. Alzheimers Dis., 2018, 61(2), 645-651.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170032] [PMID: 29278891]
[73]
Shokri-Kojori, E.; Wang, G.J.; Wiers, C.E.; Demiral, S.B.; Guo, M.; Kim, S.W.; Lindgren, E.; Ramirez, V.; Zehra, A.; Freeman, C.; Miller, G.; Manza, P.; Srivastava, T.; De Santi, S.; Tomasi, D.; Benveniste, H.; Volkow, N.D. β-Amyloid accumulation in the human brain after one night of sleep deprivation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2018, 115(17), 4483-4488.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721694115] [PMID: 29632177]
[74]
Cordone, S.; Annarumma, L.; Rossini, P.M.; De Gennaro, L. Sleep and β-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer disease: Insights on mechanisms and possible innovative treatments. Front. Pharmacol., 2019, 10, 695.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00695] [PMID: 31281257]
[75]
Giese, M.; Unternaehrer, E.; Brand, S.; Calabrese, P.; Holsboer-Trachsler, E.; Eckert, A. The interplay of stress and sleep impacts BDNF level. PLoS One, 2013, 8(10), e76050.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076050] [PMID: 24146812]
[76]
Giese, M.; Unternährer, E.; Hüttig, H.; Beck, J.; Brand, S.; Calabrese, P.; Holsboer-Trachsler, E.; Eckert, A. BDNF: An indicator of insomnia? Mol. Psychiatry, 2014, 19(2), 151-152.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mp.2013.10] [PMID: 23399916]
[77]
Fan, T.T.; Chen, W.H.; Shi, L.; Lin, X.; Tabarak, S.; Chen, S.J.; Que, J.Y.; Bao, Y.P.; Tang, X.D.; Shi, J.; Lu, L.; Sun, H.Q.; Liu, J.J. Objective sleep duration is associated with cognitive deficits in primary insomnia: BDNF may play a role. Sleep, 2019, 42(1), 192.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsy192] [PMID: 30346599]
[78]
Furihata, R.; Saitoh, K.; Otsuki, R.; Murata, S.; Suzuki, M.; Jike, M.; Kaneita, Y.; Ohida, T.; Uchiyama, M. Association between reduced serum BDNF levels and insomnia with short sleep duration among female hospital nurses. Sleep Med., 2020, 68, 167-172.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2019.12.011] [PMID: 32044553]
[79]
Mukherjee, D.; Krishnamurthy, V.B.; Millett, C.E.; Reider, A.; Can, A.; Groer, M.; Fuchs, D.; Postolache, T.T.; Saunders, E.F.H. Total sleep time and kynurenine metabolism associated with mood symptom severity in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord., 2018, 20(1), 27-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12529] [PMID: 28833866]
[80]
Riemann, D; Klein, T; Rodenbeck, A; Feige, B; Horny, A; Hummel, R; Weske, G; Al-Shajlawi, A; Voderholzer, U. Nocturnal cortisol and melatonin secretion in primary insomnia. Psychiatry Res., 2002, 113(1-2), 17-27.
[81]
Zisapel, N. New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation. Br. J. Pharmacol., 2018, 175(16), 3190-3199.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.14116] [PMID: 29318587]
[82]
Riemann, D.; Baglioni, C.; Bassetti, C.; Bjorvatn, B.; Dolenc Groselj, L.; Ellis, J.G.; Espie, C.A.; Garcia-Borreguero, D.; Gjerstad, M.; Gonçalves, M.; Hertenstein, E.; Jansson-Fröjmark, M.; Jennum, P.J.; Leger, D.; Nissen, C.; Parrino, L.; Paunio, T.; Pevernagie, D.; Verbraecken, J.; Weeß, H.G.; Wichniak, A.; Zavalko, I.; Arnardottir, E.S.; Deleanu, O.C.; Strazisar, B.; Zoetmulder, M.; Spiegelhalder, K. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. J. Sleep Res., 2017, 26(6), 675-700.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsr.12594] [PMID: 28875581]
[83]
Palagini, L.; Manni, R.; Aguglia, E.; Amore, A.; Brugnoli, R.; Bioulac, S. International expert opinions and recommendations on the use of melatonin in the treatment of insomnia and circadian sleep disturbances in adult neuropsychiatric disorders. Front. Psychiatry, 2020, 11, 558.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00558] [PMID: 32670104]
[84]
Harvey, A.G.; Soehner, A.M.; Kaplan, K.A.; Hein, K.; Lee, J.; Kanady, J.; Li, D.; Rabe-Hesketh, S.; Ketter, T.A.; Neylan, T.C.; Buysse, D.J. Treating insomnia improves mood state, sleep, and functioning in bipolar disorder: A pilot randomized controlled trial. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., 2015, 83(3), 564-577.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038655] [PMID: 25622197]
[85]
Siengsukon, C.F.; Nelson, E.; Williams-Cooke, C.; Ludwig, R.; Beck, E.S., Jr; Vidoni, E.D.; Mahnken, J.D.; Stevens, S.; Drerup, M.; Bruce, J.; Burns, J.M. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia to enhance cognitive function and reduce the rate of aβ deposition in older adults with symptoms of insomnia: A single-site randomized pilot clinical trial protocol. Contemp. Clin. Trials, 2020, 99, 106190.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2020.106190] [PMID: 33091586]
[86]
Biggio, G.; Biggio, F.; Talani, G.; Mostallino, M.C.; Aguglia, A.; Aguglia, E.; Palagini, L. Melatonin: From neurobiology to treatment. Brain Sci., 2021, 11(9), 1121.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091121] [PMID: 34573143]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
24
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy