A Revisit to Etiopathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer’s
Disease

doi:10.2174/1389450122666211118125233
摘要

痴呆症是一组大脑异常，会引发进行性记忆缺陷和其他认知能力，如技能、语言或执行功能。阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是与年龄相关的最重要的痴呆类型，它涉及进行性神经退行性变，并伴有严重的晚期认知缺陷，无论是否涉及任何其他精神疾病，都会严重影响社交或职业能力。在过去的二十年中，AD 型痴呆导致的死亡率急剧增加（~123%），这通常是由于披露率非常低（~45%），因此，AD 的预防和治疗已经是一个巨大的挑战。尽管对 AD 发病机制的了解已经有了显着的增长（例如，tau蛋白病、氧化应激、脂质转运、葡萄糖摄取、细胞凋亡、突触功能障碍、炎症和免疫系统），但在管理 AD 提示方面仍然缺乏有效的治疗剂在其不断增长的流行病学状况的范围内寻求更新的药理学靶点。尽管 AD 是一种多方面的神经系统疾病，但目前的大多数治疗策略都集中在单一靶点的调节上，例如抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷氨酸兴奋性毒性（美金刚）或益智药（吡拉西坦）。迫切需要找到不仅对症而且有效的疾病缓解疗法。本综述侧重于 AD 所涉及的风险/保护因素和致病机制。除了现有的对症治疗方法外，还重新研究了一系列与致病级联相关的可能靶点，以设想 AD 的药物治疗策略。
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病、氧化应激、炎症、危险因素、神经原纤维缠结、神经发病机制、诊断、乙酰胆碱。
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图形摘要

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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450122666211118125233	Print ISSN 1389-4501
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