Generic placeholder image

Current Bioactive Compounds

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4072
ISSN (Online): 1875-6646

Research Article

Protective Effect of Algerian Genista vepres Pomel Plant Against Isoniazid and Rifampicin Induced Liver Injury in Wistar Albino Rats

Author(s): Lamia Zehani, Wafa Kerkatou, Souad Hamdouche, Somia Lassed, Ouahiba Boumaza, Fadila Benayache, Samir Benayache and Djamila Zama*

Volume 18, Issue 4, 2022

Published on: 08 December, 2021

Article ID: e161221196723 Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1573407217666210922113300

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the protective effect of n- BuOH fraction of Genista vepres Pomel and Vitamin E against Isoniazid and Rifampicin (INH- RIF)-induced liver injury.

Methods: Male Wistar Albino rats were divided into eight equal groups treated with plant fraction (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg), vitamin E (100 mg/kg) and INH-RIF (100 mg/kg body weight /day each). At the end of the experiment, animals were dissected and samples (blood, liver tissue) were removed and isolated for biochemical and histological studies.

Results: Administration of INH-RIF for 21 days resulted in hepatic failure as evidenced by the elevation of biochemical parameters levels and hepatic oxidative stress, which was associated with extensive hepatic parenchyma alteration. The pretreatment of the rat with G. vepres Pomel attenuated the increase of hepatic dysfunction markers, significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased GSH level, GPx and catalase activities compared to INH-RIF treated group. However, the Vitamin E co-treatment decreased MDA level and increased GPx activity but did not show any effect on catalase or GSH parameters. The histopathological studies on the liver of rats also supported that both plant fraction and vitamin E markedly reduced the toxicity of INH-RIF and preserved the histoarchitecture of liver tissue.

Conclusion: The results suggested that the n-BuOH fraction of G. vepres Pomel acts as a potent hepatoprotective agent against INH-RIF-induced Hepatic dysfunction in rats.

Keywords: Genista vepres Pomel, isoniazid, rifampicin, liver injury, lipid peroxidation, hepatoprotective effect.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Rao, A.; Nayak, G.; Kumari, S.; Kalthur, S.G.; Mutalik, S.P.; Mutalik, S.; Adiga, S.K.; Kalthur, G. Exposure to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs in prepubertal age reduces the quality and functional competence of spermatozoa and oocytes in Swiss albino mice. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 2020, 73, 103292.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2019.103292] [PMID: 31765964]
[2]
Shi, R.; Itagaki, N.; Sugawara, I. Overview of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs and their resistance mechanisms. Mini Rev. Med. Chem., 2007, 7(11), 1177-1185.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955707782331740] [PMID: 18045221]
[3]
Ramappa, V.; Aithal, G.P. Hepatotoxicity related to anti-tuberculosis drugs: Mechanisms and management. J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol., 2013, 3(1), 37e49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2012.12.001]
[4]
Sahu, N.; Mishra, G.; Chandra, H.K.; Nirala, S.K.; Bhadauria, M. Naringenin mitigates antituberculosis drugs induced hepatic and renal injury in rats. J. Tradit. Complement. Med., 2019, 10(1), 26-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.01.001] [PMID: 31956555]
[5]
Kasote, D.M.; Katyare, S.S.; Hegde, M.V.; Bae, H. Significance of antioxidant potential of plants and its relevance to therapeutic applications. Int. J. Biol. Sci., 2015, 11(8), 982-991.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.12096] [PMID: 26157352]
[6]
Noccioli, C.; Meini, L.; Loi, M.C.; Potenza, D.; Pistelli, L. A new alpinum isoflavone derivative from Genista pichisermolliana. Phytochem. Lett., 2011, 4, 342-344.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2011.07.005]
[7]
Benayache, F.; D’Ambola, M.; Cotugno, R.; Chaouche, M.; Benayache, S.; Benayache, F.; Braca, A.; De Tommasi, N. A new triterpene glucoside from Genista numidica. Nat. Prod. Commun., 2018, 13(9), 1934578X1801300902.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1801300902]
[8]
Fokialakis, N.; Alexi, X.; Aligiannis, N.; Boulaka, A.; Meligova, A.K.; Lambrinidis, G.; Kalpoutzakis, E.; Pratsinis, H.; Cheilari, A.; Mitsiou, D.J.; Mitakou, S.; Alexis, M.N. Biological evaluation of isoflavonoids from Genista halacsyi using estrogen-target cells: Activities of glucosides compared to aglycones. PLoS One, 2019, 14(1), e0210247.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210247] [PMID: 30620769]
[9]
Meza, A.; Rojas, P.; Cely-Veloza, W.; Guerrero-Perilla, C.; Coy-Barrera, E. Variation of isoflavone content and DPPH• scavenging capacity of phytohormone-treated seedlings after in vitro germination of cape broom (Genista monspessulana). S. Afr. J. Bot., 2020, 130, 64-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.12.006]
[10]
Simões, M.A.M.; Pinto, D.C.G.A.; Neves, B.M.R.; Silva, A.M.S. Flavonoid profile of the Genista tridentata l., a species used traditionally to treat inflammatory processes. Molecules, 2020, 25(4), 812.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040812] [PMID: 32069907]
[11]
Bencherchar, I.; Demirtas, I.; Altun, M.; Gul, F.; Sarri, D.; Benayache, F.; Benayache, S.; Mekkiou, R. HPLC analysis, anti-oxidant activity of Genista ferox and its anti-proliferative effect in HeLa cell line. Bangladesh J. Pharmacol., 2017, 12(3), 260.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v12i3.32310]
[12]
Sebaihi-Harzoun, S.; Atmani-Kilani, D.; Debbache-Benaida, N.; Nana, F.; Evain-Bana, E.; Kirsch, G.; Tabart, J.; Kevers, C.; Atmani, D. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties of Genista ferox Poirret. Aerial parts. Eur. J. Integr. Med., 2018, S1876-3820(18), 30164-30171.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2018.08.006]
[13]
Maanani, D.; Segueni, N.; Rhouati, S.; Çakmak, Y.S.; Asan-Ozusaglam, M.; May, A.; Zellagui, A.; Akkal, S. Phenolic contents. in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Genista microcephala coss. dur. ASN, 2018, 5(2), 8-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2018-0016]
[14]
Barek, S.; Rahmoun, M.N.; Aissaoui, M.; El Haci, I.A.; Bensouici, C.; Choukchou-Braham, N. Phenolic contents, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of the algerian Genista saharae solvent extracts. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants, 2019, 26(1), 1-13.
[15]
Lograda, T.; Chaker, A.N.; Chalchat, J.C.; Ramdani, M.; Silini, H.; Figueredo, G.; Chalarde, P. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Genista ulicina and G. vepres. Nat. Prod. Commun., 2010, 5(5), 835-838.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1000500532] [PMID: 20521558]
[16]
Quezel, P.; Santa, S. Nouvelle Flore de l’Algérie et des Régions Désertiques Méridionales; Editions du C.N.R.S. Paris, 1962, Vol. I, p. 474.
[17]
Mihara, M.; Uchiyama, M. Determination of malonaldehyde precursor in tissues by thiobarbituric acid test. Anal. Biochem., 1978, 86(1), 271-278.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(78)90342-1] [PMID: 655387]
[18]
Ellman, G.L. Plasma antioxidants. Arch. Biochem. Biophyis., 1959, 82, 70-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(59)90090-6]
[19]
Flohé, L.; Günzler, W.A. Assays of glutathione peroxidase. Methods Enzymol., 1984, 105, 114-121.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(84)05015-1] [PMID: 6727659]
[20]
Claiborne, A. Catalase activity. In: CRC Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research; Greenwald RA, 1985; pp. 283-284.
[21]
Koller, A. Total serum protein. Kaplan A et al. Clin Chem the C.V. Mosby Co. St Louis. Toronto. Princeton 1984; 1316-1324 and 418. Available at : https://www.spinreact.com/files/Inserts/MD/BIOQUIMICA/MDBSIS30_PROT_TOT_2017.pdf
[22]
Nwidu, L.L.; Oboma, Y.I. Telfairia occidentalis (Cucurbitaceae) pulp extract mitigates rifampicin-isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in an in vivo rat model of oxidative stress. J. Integr. Med., 2019, 17(1), 46-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2018.11.008] [PMID: 30555014]
[23]
Palipoch, S.; Punsawad, C.; Koomhin, P.; Suwannalert, P. Hepatoprotective effect of curcumin and alpha-tocopherol against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress. BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 2014, 14, 111.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-111] [PMID: 24674233]
[24]
Li, S.; Tan, H-Y.; Wang, N.; Zhang, Z-J.; Lao, L.; Wong, C-W.; Feng, Y. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in liver diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2015, 16(11), 26087-26124.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms161125942] [PMID: 26540040]
[25]
Yue, J.; Peng, R. Does CYP2E1 play a major role in the aggravation of isoniazid toxicity by rifampicin in human hepatocytes? Br. J. Pharmacol., 2009, 157(3), 331-333.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00173.x] [PMID: 19371336]
[26]
Ruan, L.Y.; Fan, J.T.; Hong, W.; Zhao, H.; Li, M.H.; Jiang, L.; Fu, Y.H.; Xing, Y.X.; Chen, C.; Wang, J.S. Isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity in rats investigated by 1H NMR based metabolomics approach. Toxicol. Lett., 2018, 295, 256-269.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.05.032] [PMID: 29936297]
[27]
Nannelli, A.; Chirulli, V.; Longo, V.; Gervasi, P.G. Expression and induction by rifampicin of CAR- and PXR-regulated CYP2B and CYP3A in liver, kidney and airways of pig. Toxicology, 2008, 252(1-3), 105-112.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2008.08.004] [PMID: 18786598]
[28]
Shih, T.Y.; Ho, S-C.; Hsiong, C-H.; Huang, T-Y.; Hu, O.Y-P. Selected pharmaceutical excipient prevent isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity. Curr. Drug Metab., 2013, 14(6), 720-728.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200211314060008] [PMID: 23701163]
[29]
Weber, L.W.; Boll, M.; Stampfl, A. Hepatotoxicity and mechanism of action of haloalkanes: Carbon tetrachloride as a toxicological model. Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 2003, 33(2), 105-136.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713611034] [PMID: 12708612]
[30]
Zama, D.; Meraihi, Z.; Tebibel, S.; Benayssa, W.; Benayache, F.; Benayache, S.; Vlietinck, A.J. Chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage in the liver, kidney, brain and fetus in pregnant rats: The protective role of the butanolic extract of Paronychia argentea L. Indian J. Pharmacol., 2007, 39(3), 145-150.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.33434]
[31]
Jiménez-Arellanes, M.A.; Gutiérrez-Rebolledo, G.A.; Meckes- Fischer, M.; León-Díaz, R. Medical plant extracts and natural compounds with a hepatoprotective effect against damage caused by antitubercular drugs: A review. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med., 2016, 9(12), 1141-1149.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.10.010] [PMID: 27955741]
[32]
Pari, L.; Kumar, N.A. Hepatoprotective activity of Moringa oleifera on antitubercular drug-induced liver damage in rats. J. Med. Food, 2002, 5(3), 171-177.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/10966200260398206] [PMID: 12495589]
[33]
Wang, C.; Fan, R.Q.; Zhang, Y.X.; Nie, H.; Li, K. Naringenin protects against isoniazid- and rifampicin-induced apoptosis in hepatic injury. World J. Gastroenterol., 2016, 22(44), 9775-9783.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9775] [PMID: 27956801]
[34]
Thattakudian Sheik Uduman, M.S.; Sundarapandian, R.; Muthumanikkam, A.; Kalimuthu, G.; Parameswari, S.A.; Vasanthi Srinivas, T.R.; Karunakaran, G. Protective effect of methanolic extract of Annona squamosa Linn in isoniazid-rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 2011, 24(2), 129-134.
[PMID: 21454160]
[35]
Jyothi Reddy, G.; Prasanth Reddy, V.; Sreepavani, M.; Rajaram, C.; Nelson Kumar, S.; Kanhere, R.S. Evaluation of hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Ixora pavetta against isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Drug Invent. Today, 2013, 5(3), 201-206.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dit.2013.06.007]
[36]
Obogwu, M.B.; Akindele, A.J.; Adeyemi, O.O. Hepatoprotective and in vivo antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) in antitubercular drugs and alcohol models. Chin. J. Nat. Med., 2014, 12(4), 0273-0283.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60054-6]
[37]
Tian, L.; Cai, Q.; Wei, H. Alterations of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage to macromolecules in different organs of rats during aging. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 1998, 24(9), 1477-1484.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00025-2] [PMID: 9641266]
[38]
Bebe, F.N.; Panemangalore, M. Exposure to low doses of endosulfan and chlorpyrifos modifies endogenous antioxidants in tissues of rats. J. Environ. Sci. Health B, 2003, 38(3), 349-363.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/PFC-120019901] [PMID: 12716052]
[39]
Bais, B.; Saiju, P. Ameliorative effect of Leucas cephalotes extract on isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2014, 4(2), S633-S638.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12980/APJTB.4.2014APJTB-2014-0236]
[40]
Pal, R.; Rana, S.V.; Vaiphei, K.; Singh, K. Isoniazid-rifampicin induced lipid changes in rats. Clin. Chim. Acta, 2008, 389(1-2), 55-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2007.11.028] [PMID: 18157944]
[41]
Kumar, R.; Bhatia, V.; Khanal, S.; Sreenivas, V.; Gupta, S.D.; Panda, S.K.; Acharya, S.K. Antituberculosis therapy-induced acute liver failure: Magnitude, profile, prognosis, and predictors of outcome. Hepatology, 2010, 51(5), 1665-1674.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23534] [PMID: 20196116]
[42]
Khan, F.Y.; Rasoul, F. Rifampicin-isoniazid induced fatal fulminant hepatitis during treatment of latent tuberculosis: A case report and literature review. Indian J. Crit. Care Med., 2010, 14(2), 97-100.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-5229.68226] [PMID: 20859496]
[43]
Hassan, H.M.; Guo, H.; Yousef, B.A.; Ping-Ping, D.; Zhang, L.; Jiang, Z. Dexamethasone pretreatment alleviates isoniazid/lipopolysaccharide hepatotoxicity: inhibition of inflammatory and oxidative stress. Front. Pharmacol., 2017, 8(MAR), 133.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00133] [PMID: 28360859]
[44]
Bhadauria, S.; Mishra, R.; Kanchan, R.; Tripathi, C.; Srivastava, A.; Tiwari, A.; Sharma, S. Isoniazid-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells: Generation of oxidative stress and Bcl-2 down-regulation. Toxicol. Mech. Methods, 2010, 20(5), 242-251.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15376511003793325] [PMID: 20433247]
[45]
Chowdhury, A.; Santra, A.; Bhattacharjee, K.; Ghatak, S.; Saha, D.R.; Dhali, G.K. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and permeability transition in isoniazid and rifampicin induced liver injury in mice. J. Hepatol., 2006, 45(1), 117-126.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2006.01.027] [PMID: 16545483]
[46]
Zhou, J.; Zhang, X.; Tang, H.; Yu, J.; Zu, X.; Xie, Z.; Yang, X.; Hu, J.; Tan, F.; Li, Q.; Lei, X. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in autophagy-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin. Chim. Acta, 2020, 506, 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.02.028] [PMID: 32109431]
[47]
Verma, A.K.; Yadav, A.; Singh, S.V.; Mishra, P.; Rath, S.K. Isoniazid induces apoptosis: Role of oxidative stress and inhibition of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Life Sci., 2018, 199, 23-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.037] [PMID: 29499281]
[48]
Grafakou, M-E.; Barda, C.; Tomou, E-M.; Skaltsa, H. The genus Genista L.: A rich source of bioactive flavonoids. Phytochem., 2021, 181, 112574.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112574] [PMID: 33152578]
[49]
Dob, T. Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de quelques plantes algériennes: Huile essentielles: Artemisia Judaica L, Lavandula dentata L., Thymus fontanessi Boisst et Reut, Pinus pinea et Pinus pinaster Ait .Alcaloides et Flavonoides Genista vepres Pomel (Genista kabylica Coss). Thèse de Doctorat d’état en chimie. Université des sciences et de la technologie Houari BOUMEDIENNE. Algeria. December 2007. Available at: https://biblio.univ-annaba.dz/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/SAADOU-Nina.pdf.
[50]
John, P.; Kale, PP. Prominence of oxidative stress in the management of anti-tuberculosis drugs related Hepatotoxicity. Drug Metab Lett, 2019, 13(2), 95, 101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872312813666190716155930]
[51]
Aliouche, L.; Larguet, H.; Amrani, A.; Leon, F.; Brouard, I.; Benayache, S.; Zama, D.; Meraihi, Z.; Benayache, F. Isolation, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ecdysteroids from Serratula cichoracea. Curr. Bioact. Compd., 2018, 14, 60-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666171211154922]
[52]
Djemam, N.; Lassed, S.; Gül, F.; Altun, M.; Monteiro, M.; Menezes-Pinto, D.; Benayache, S.; Benayache, F.; Zama, D.; Demirtas, I.; Morato, M. Characterization of ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Cymbopogon schoenanthus and Helianthemum lippii and their effect on the smooth muscle of the rat distal colon. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2020, 252, 112613.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112613] [PMID: 31981748]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version332msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[20:11:48] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[20:11:48] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[20:11:48] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[20:11:48] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (104ms)time
  • Application (229ms)time
  • 1 x Application (68.83%)
    229ms
    1 x Booting (31.16%)
    104ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    37 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 33 unique. Show only duplicated153ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('316145883','',1,1740514308,1740514308) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740514308
      1.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('316145883','/article/118113',1,1740514308,1740514308)
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316145883 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316145883) limit 1
      18.26msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 316145883
      • 1: 316145883
      • 2: 316145883
      • 3: 316145883
      • 4: 316145883
      • 5: 316145883
      • 6: 316145883
      • 7: 316145883
      • 8: 316145883
      • 9: 316145883
      • 10: 316145883
      • 11: 316145883
      • 12: 316145883
      • 13: 316145883
      • 14: 316145883
      • 15: 316145883
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=118113
      780μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 6 limit 1
      890μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 6
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=6) and sj.journal_id!=6 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.47msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=6) and sj.journal_id!=6 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      2.01msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=6) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      3.2msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=6) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      2.79msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '118113'
      1.76msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 118113
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '118113'
      3.9msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 118113
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '118113' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.98msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 118113
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      480μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 6 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      24.92msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 6 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      7.3msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 6 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      5.43msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 118113 limit 1
      890μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 118113
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 118113 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 295 and cd.sub_disease_id = 607 and content_id!=118113 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      29.45msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#769
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:769
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 196723 limit 1
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 196723
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CBC' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CBC
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '118113' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      520μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '11497' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '3152' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3152) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3152) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3152)
      32.54msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11497) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11497) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11497)
      870μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 118113) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 118113) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316145883 and j.to_ip >=316145883 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740514308 and j.to_date >= 1740514308 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 118113)
      790μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '72' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11497 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 72
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '80' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11497 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      490μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 80
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 118113 limit 1
      3.85msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 118113
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 6 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740514308 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740514308 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.63msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 6
      • 3: 1740514308
      • 4: 1740514308
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 6 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740514308 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740514308 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.17msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 6
      • 3: 1740514308
      • 4: 1740514308
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='331eb4f1dedcddb3e116aaf71bd03ed9'
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        7rjx1CY5IRatm8b9UnSrI7BCtKZGZtHi44rbibqa
        uc_cart_id
        331eb4f1dedcddb3e116aaf71bd03ed9
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/118113" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/118113
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 20:11:48 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjExVXMwSDlsaFhEOXBhN1VYYnJtUXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV0R4T1BYemszVXdUcmhDdm52M0E4T2pldktWNzd5aW5PY3VxSjgzNmJxanAxRld4SWVQQVdXMlp1S04welI2TWo5Y2ZvcTMzMjBtaXY0Qm4rVDJaQXdrNmxva0NLcCs3cHhsWVNTVjFPS2ZEcWoxZkllNVNYdzJuMks2aFpsRmsiLCJtYWMiOiIyMzMzZjU5YjQ2NmQyYWU2YjJlNjI3YmE5OGMxYzg1ODMxODE3YmQyZWJiMzZjNzJlYmU1NDJiZGU0NmRkNmM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 08:11:48 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjExVXMwSDlsaFhEOXBhN1VYYnJtUXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV0R4T1BYemszVXdUcmhDdm52M0E4T2pldktWNzd5aW5PY3VxSjgzNmJxanAxRld4SWVQQVdXMlp1S04welI2TWo5Y2Zvc" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitxV0ZEeVBTY0I5bVdhOWFwdjBZZGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdXNzBsMHlpTXRkMDFHMGYrL3IzTHlmRjk1MVFMMmpsWlpIaS9lYWdPcEowQ0pDYmpPeXF4eUdKU2J1TldNRG1YbEVEbHZKWXZ6b0NnMzdrZkxFeUNzM2ZGMVZhYkczSG5wV2s5T1JzQVkvczI4dG91Zmo3eXdiWDNyYVpDUDkiLCJtYWMiOiJjNWMxNjRhYjVlN2FjMTMzODZlN2JlYWU1MTMwNTVhZjRiNDY1YjhlODdjYjE0MGU1YzZkNmYyMWZmZGRhZDQ3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitxV0ZEeVBTY0I5bVdhOWFwdjBZZGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdXNzBsMHlpTXRkMDFHMGYrL3IzTHlmRjk1MVFMMmpsWlpIaS9lYWdPcEowQ0pDYmpPeXF4eUd" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjExVXMwSDlsaFhEOXBhN1VYYnJtUXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV0R4T1BYemszVXdUcmhDdm52M0E4T2pldktWNzd5aW5PY3VxSjgzNmJxanAxRld4SWVQQVdXMlp1S04welI2TWo5Y2ZvcTMzMjBtaXY0Qm4rVDJaQXdrNmxva0NLcCs3cHhsWVNTVjFPS2ZEcWoxZkllNVNYdzJuMks2aFpsRmsiLCJtYWMiOiIyMzMzZjU5YjQ2NmQyYWU2YjJlNjI3YmE5OGMxYzg1ODMxODE3YmQyZWJiMzZjNzJlYmU1NDJiZGU0NmRkNmM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 08:11:48 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjExVXMwSDlsaFhEOXBhN1VYYnJtUXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV0R4T1BYemszVXdUcmhDdm52M0E4T2pldktWNzd5aW5PY3VxSjgzNmJxanAxRld4SWVQQVdXMlp1S04welI2TWo5Y2Zvc" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitxV0ZEeVBTY0I5bVdhOWFwdjBZZGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdXNzBsMHlpTXRkMDFHMGYrL3IzTHlmRjk1MVFMMmpsWlpIaS9lYWdPcEowQ0pDYmpPeXF4eUdKU2J1TldNRG1YbEVEbHZKWXZ6b0NnMzdrZkxFeUNzM2ZGMVZhYkczSG5wV2s5T1JzQVkvczI4dG91Zmo3eXdiWDNyYVpDUDkiLCJtYWMiOiJjNWMxNjRhYjVlN2FjMTMzODZlN2JlYWU1MTMwNTVhZjRiNDY1YjhlODdjYjE0MGU1YzZkNmYyMWZmZGRhZDQ3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IitxV0ZEeVBTY0I5bVdhOWFwdjBZZGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFdXNzBsMHlpTXRkMDFHMGYrL3IzTHlmRjk1MVFMMmpsWlpIaS9lYWdPcEowQ0pDYmpPeXF4eUd" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "7rjx1CY5IRatm8b9UnSrI7BCtKZGZtHi44rbibqa" "uc_cart_id" => "331eb4f1dedcddb3e116aaf71bd03ed9" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/118113" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 20:11:48GET/article/118113414371