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Current Cancer Drug Targets

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Review Article

Current Challenges in Targeting Tumor Desmoplasia to Improve the Efficacy of Immunotherapy

Author(s): Anna Kasperska*, Jędrzej Borowczak*, Krzysztof Szczerbowski*, Ewa Stec, Navid Ahmadi and Łukasz Szylber

Volume 21, Issue 11, 2021

Published on: 26 November, 2021

Page: [919 - 931] Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210825101456

Price: $65

Abstract

Desmoplasia is crucial for the development, progression and treatment of immune-resistant malignancies. Targeting desmoplasia-related metabolic pathways appears to be an interesting approach to expand our stock of disposable anti-tumor agents. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis inhibition reduces fibrosis, alleviates immunosuppression and significantly enhances the efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy. CD40L substitute therapy may increase the activity of T-cells, downregulate CD40+, prolong patients’ survival and prevent cancer progression. Although FAPα antagonists used in preclinical models did not lead to permanent cure, an alleviation of immune-resistance, modification of desmoplasia and a decrease in angiogenesis were observed. Targeting DDR2 may enhance the effect of anti-PD-1 treatment in multiple neoplasm cell lines and has the ability to overcome the adaptation to BRAF-targeted therapy in melanoma. Reprogramming desmoplasia could potentially cooperate not only with present treatment, but also other potential therapeutic targets. We present the most promising metabolic pathways related to desmoplasia and discuss the emerging strategies to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Keywords: Cancer, immunotherapy, desmoplasia, immunoresistance, CXCR-4, PD-L1.

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