摘要
糖尿病(DM)和DM引起的血管并发症是重要的全球医疗保健问题,导致患者的生活质量下降。患者残疾和死亡的主要原因是快速进展的微血管和大血管疾病。目前,自由基氧化被认为是糖尿病及相关并发症发生的主要机制之一。在正常的生理条件下,自由基的水平和抗氧化防御能力是平衡的。然而,在慢性高血糖过程中,抗氧化防御系统和促氧化剂之间发生不平衡,可能引发过量自由基的形成,导致脂质过氧化的激活和剧毒自由基氧化产物的积累。这也伴随着糖尿病患者不同程度的胰岛素缺乏和胰岛素抵抗。在激活自由基生成的同时,抗氧化防御因子(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、维生素C和E)的活性降低,糖尿病并发症加速。因此,我们推测抗氧化剂可能在糖尿病患者的治疗中发挥积极的作用,以预防糖尿病引起的血管并发症。然而,这一点还没有得到充分的研究。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了氧化应激诱导的糖尿病并发症的潜在机制,以及抗氧化剂在缓解dm诱导的血管并发症中的作用。
关键词: 抗氧化制剂,氧化应激,糖尿病血管并发症,糖尿病,线粒体,神经保护。
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