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Review Article

探索 AT2R 及其在不同疾病中的多态性：将 AT2R 开发为高血压以外的药物靶点的方法

卷 23, 期 1, 2022

发表于: 06 August, 2021

页: [99 - 113] 页: 15

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450122666210806125919

价格: $65

摘要

血管紧张素 II 2 型受体 (AT2R) 是肾素-血管紧张素系统 (RAS) 的重要组成部分之一，可发挥多种功能，如抑制细胞分化、细胞增殖、血管舒张、减少氧化应激和炎症。与 RAS 的其他成分相比，AT2R 的研究相对较少，尽管它具有独特性（与性别相关）和多种功能。 AT2R在不同组织中差异表达，其基因多态性与多种疾病相关。 AT2R及其基因多态性与疾病相关的分子机制仍有待充分了解，这阻碍了AT2R作为药物靶点的发展。 AT2R 中的单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 存在于不同位置（外显子、内含子、启动子和 UTR 区域），并被研究与不同疾病的关联。这些关联背后可能存在不同的机制，因为一些 AT2R SNP 变体与差异表达相关，SNP (A1675G/A1332G) 影响 AT2R mRNA 的交替剪接，A1332G 基因型导致 AT2R mRNA 的缩短和随后的缺陷蛋白。发现很少有 SNP 与女性 (C4599A) 或男性 (T1334C) 的疾病相关。预计其他几个 SNP 与其他类似/相关疾病有关，但尚未完成研究。本综述强调 AT2R 的重要性及其与疾病相关的多态性，以探索 AT2R 在不同疾病中的确切作用以及将 AT2R 开发为潜在药物靶点的可能性。

关键词: 肾素-血管紧张素系统、血管紧张素 II 2 型受体、单核苷酸多态性、血管紧张素转换酶、药物靶点、高血压。

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