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Review Article

色氨酸代谢在动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病中的应用

卷 29, 期 1, 2022

发表于: 14 July, 2021

页: [99 - 113] 页: 15

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867328666210714153649

价格: $65

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摘要

必需氨基酸色氨酸（Trp）通过几种途径经历分解代谢，产生显著影响生理过程的生物活性代谢物质。负责大多数Trp分解代谢的代谢途径是犬尿氨酸合成途径（KP）。血清素和褪黑激素是最重要的 Trp 途径降解产物之一，现已经被发现，Trp代谢的改变与动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病的发作和发展之间存在很强的关系。动脉粥样硬化是由适应不良的局部免疫反应引起的中小动脉壁的慢性炎症性疾病，是多种心血管疾病（CVD）的基础。全身性低度免疫介导的炎症与动脉粥样硬化有关，其中促炎细胞因子，如干扰素γ（IFN-γ），起着重要作用。IFN-γ上调吲哚胺2，3-双加氧酶（IDO），降低血清Trp水平并增加犬尿氨酸的代谢物水平。增加IDO表达和活性可以加速动脉粥样硬化过程。因此，激活的IDO抑制可以提供关于动脉粥样硬化可能的治疗选择。糖尿病是一种以高血糖为特征的慢性代谢性疾病，随着时间的推移，导致心脏、血管、眼睛、肾脏和周围神经严重受损。未来2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的Trp血清水平和IDO活性较低。本文回顾了最近关于哺乳动物Trp代谢与其在动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病中的作用的研究结果，并概述了干预策略。

关键词: 色氨酸，犬尿氨酸途径，吲哚胺2，3-双加氧酶，犬尿氨酸，动脉粥样硬化，糖尿病。

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