Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2666-2558
ISSN (Online): 2666-2566

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Performance Evaluation of Enhanced Manhattan Mobility Model Over GM, RWP, Manhattan Grid, SLAW, and TLW Mobility Models in MANETs

Author(s): Satveer Kour* and Jagpal Singh

Volume 15, Issue 7, 2022

Published on: 11 August, 2021

Article ID: e190522194094 Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/2666255814666210615143318

Price: $65

Abstract

Objective: The mobility model is the basis of simulation experiments in the Mobile Ad-hoc Network. A composite model for mobility for city scenarios which includes a realistic model of obstacle avoidance, and movement in the vertical direction, is proposed. The comparison of its performance with those of other available mobility models is encouraging. We believe that it can upgrade the routing performance.

Methods: Here, we discuss the synthetic mobility models (Gauss-Markov, Random Waypoint, Manhattan Grid), and trace-based mobility models (Truncated Levy Walk, Self-Similar Least Action Walk). Then we propose a new mobility model by replacing a speed calculating formula using Bonnmotion-3.0.1 on simulator NS2. The proposed mobility model, named Enhanced Manhattan Mobility Model, is compared with the existing Manhattan Grid mobility model in a tabulated form. AODV, DSR, and DSDV are analysed for above-mentioned mobility models against the proposed one. Furthermore, the accuracy of the best protocol over the best mobility model is investigated through Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, average end-to-end delay, packet overhead, and packet drop rate performance metrics.

Result: Due to the smooth movements created by the proposed model, it shows an improvement of 1 percent to 7 percent in throughput, 0.8 percent to 1.7 percent in packet overhead, 1 percent to 7 percent in PDR, and 1 percent in dropped packets.

Conclusion: It may be attempted in the future to reduce the delay and analyse parameters (load balancing and power consumption).

Keywords: MANET, routing protocols, mobility models, NS-2.35, bonnmotion-3.0.1, performance metrics.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
C.E. Perkins, Ad hoc networking: An introduction., Addison-Wesley: USA, 2001.
[2]
C. Nallusamy, and A. Sabari, "Particle swarm based resource optimized geographic routing for improved network lifetime in MANET", Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 24, pp. 375-385, 2019.
[3]
S.R. Das, R. Castañeda, and J. Yan, "Simulation-based performance evaluation of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks", Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 5, pp. 179-189, 2000.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019108612308]
[4]
S. Kour, and J.S. Ubhi, "A novel approach to predict mobility pattern of mobile nodes in mobile ad-hoc networks", J. of Sci. and Indu. Res., vol. 77, pp. 629-632, 2018.
[5]
F. Bai, N. Sadagopan, and A. Helmy, "Important: A framework to systematically analyze the impact of mobility on performance of routing protocols for adhoc networks", Ad Hoc Netw., vol. 1, pp. 383-403, 2003.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1570-8705(03)00040-4]
[6]
S. Kaur, and J.S. Ubhi, "A simplified approach to analyze routing protocols in dynamic MANET environment", Int. J. Soft Comp. Engg., vol. 5, pp. 19-23, 2015.
[7]
N. Aschenbruck, E.G. Padilla, and P. Martini, "A survey on mobility models for performance analysis in tactical mobile networks", J. Telecomm. Info. Tech., vol. 2, pp. 54-61, 2008.
[8]
F. Bai, and A. Helmy, "A survey of mobility models in wireless Adhoc networks", University of Southern California, USA, vol. 206, p. 147, 2004.
[9]
Y. Zhang, and K. Ren, "On address privacy in mobile ad hoc networks", Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 14, pp. 188-197, 2009.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0142-5]
[10]
G. Singhal, V. Laxmi, M.S. Gaur, and V. Rao, "Moralism: Mobility prediction with link stability based multicast routing protocol in MANETs", Wirel. Netw., vol. 23, pp. 663-679, 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-015-1186-7]
[11]
D. Johnson, and A. Lysko, "Comparison of MANET routing protocols using a scaled indoor wireless grid", Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 13, pp. 82-96, 2008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0048-2]
[12]
I. Rhee, M. Shin, S. Hong, K. Lee, S.J. Kim, and S. Chong, "On the levy-walk nature of human mobility", IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw., vol. 19, pp. 630-643, 2011.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2011.2120618]
[13]
E. Hoque, R. Potharaju, C. Nita-Rotaru, S. Sarkar, and S.S. Venkatesh, "Taming epidemic outbreaks in mobile Adhoc networks", Ad Hoc Netw., vol. 24, pp. 57-72, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2014.07.031]
[14]
J.R. Jiang, Y.C. Tseng, C.S. Hsu, and T.H. Lai, "Quorum-based asynchronous power-saving protocols for IEEE 802.11 adhoc networks", Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 10, pp. 169-181, 2005.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:MONE.0000048553.45798.5e]
[15]
K. Pentikousis, R. Agüero, S. Sargento, and R.L. Aguiar, "Mobility and network management in virtualized networks", Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 17, pp. 431-434, 2012.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-012-0389-8]
[16]
S. Kour, and J.S. Ubhi, "A study of manet mobility models", Int. J. Engg. Tech. Res., vol. 3, pp. 29-33, 2015.
[17]
S. Kour, and J.S. Ubhi, "Performance analysis of mobile nodes in mobile adhoc networks using enhanced Manhattan mobility model", J. Sci. Indu. Res., vol. 78, pp. 69-72, 2019.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
8
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy