Abstract
Background: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) includes more than 90% of malignancies of the oral cavity. Early diagnosis could effectively improve patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes of oral cancers. MicroRNAs as non-encoding genes have great potential to initiate or suppress cancer progression. Recent studies have shown that disruption of micro-RNA regulation is a common occurrence in cancers.
Objective: This study set out to evaluate the expression of microRNA-15a (miR-15a) and microRNA- 16-1 (miR-16-1) in the saliva of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients in comparison with a healthy control group.
Methods: This case-control study was performed on fifteen patients with OSCC and fifteen healthy volunteers as the control group. A 5 ml of non-stimulating whole saliva was collected by spitting method from patients and controls and stored at -70°C. The expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 was investigated using quantitative Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR).
Results: MiR-15a and miR-16-1 were downregulated in OSCC patients compared with the control group (p<0.001). The sensitivity of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in differentiating OSCC patients from healthy individuals was 93.3% and 86.67%, respectively, and their specificity was 86.67% and 92.33%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of miR-15a was 90%, and miR-16-1 was 93.3%.
Conclusion: The present study showed a decrease in the relative expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in OSCC patients compared with healthy individuals. It is probable to introduce salivary values of miR-15a and miR-16-1 as a non-invasive tool for early detection of OSCC. Decreased expression of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in OSCC indicates the possible effective role of these genes in OSCC etiopathogenesis.
Keywords: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), microRNA-15a (miR-15a), microRNA-16-1 (miR-16-1), saliva, RT-qPCR, OSCC.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2016.12.017] [PMID: 28061358]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/wo.2017.68628] [PMID: 28947890]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2016.07.040] [PMID: 27492616]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18332/tid/110259] [PMID: 31582945]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18332/tid/111652] [PMID: 31582940]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.02.006] [PMID: 28416242]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12113167] [PMID: 33126582]
[PMID: 30549344]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.10.004] [PMID: 32513401]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-3284-3-2] [PMID: 21211041]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118990957.ch20]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12253-019-00588-2] [PMID: 30712193]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.09.016] [PMID: 29174861]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.13007] [PMID: 27862926]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8761860] [PMID: 30906485]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12032-016-0863-4] [PMID: 27943101]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13402-014-0188-2] [PMID: 25156495]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524019666191001113511] [PMID: 31573883]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010428317695920] [PMID: 28347239]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104950] [PMID: 32828020]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgs140] [PMID: 22491715]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737159.2014.960519] [PMID: 25222489]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.01.008] [PMID: 25677760]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.6.1841] [PMID: 32597160]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.02.015] [PMID: 28351566]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209760] [PMID: 30735523]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4590-4] [PMID: 29945565]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.242606799] [PMID: 12434020]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.240036] [PMID: 26908869]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00335-009-9240-3] [PMID: 20013340]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13402-012-0087-3] [PMID: 22684875]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506654102] [PMID: 16166262]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2009.69] [PMID: 19498445]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2014.87] [PMID: 24971479]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2011.140] [PMID: 21532615]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iub.1733] [PMID: 29522280]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.12479] [PMID: 27713175]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2166] [PMID: 20145181]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.04.004] [PMID: 26027785]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-3310-2] [PMID: 27722045]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.90286] [PMID: 22124045]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_195_18] [PMID: 31516250]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6739] [PMID: 29085504]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61255-3_14]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobcr.2016.07.003] [PMID: 27900251]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jop.12791] [PMID: 30339289]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.job.2019.03.002] [PMID: 31109866]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2016.157669] [PMID: 28385779]
[PMID: 30208014]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2017.159] [PMID: 28984869]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7329195] [PMID: 29581984]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-016-0512-8] [PMID: 27056547]