Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Cosmetic Science

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2666-7797
ISSN (Online): 2666-7800

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Formulation and In Vitro Characterization of Tea Tree Oil Anti-Dandruff Shampoo

Author(s): Humra Umar, Tariq Mahmood, Talib Hussain, Rabia Aslam, Yasser Shahzad and Abid Mehmood Yousaf*

Volume 1, Issue 1, 2022

Published on: 26 April, 2021

Article ID: e250521193009 Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/2666779701666210426085302

Abstract

Background: Dandruff is a common scalp condition affecting half of the population of the world.

Objective: The current study aimed at developing anti-dandruff shampoos containing tea tree oil, which is believed to be effective against Malassezia furfur, a fungus involved in dandruff production.

Methodology: Various shampoos containing tea tree oil in 0.5 to 3% concentration were prepared after careful selection of various shampoo ingredients. The formulated shampoos were subjected to various quality tests such as pH, viscosity, foam production, dirt dispersion, wetting time, surface tension, solid contents, and antimicrobial activity against a model fungal strain, namely Candida albicans. The formu-lated shampoos were also compared with the marketed shampoos for quality attributes.

Results: The results revealed that tea tree oil shampoos had pH values in the range of 5 – 6, which is close to the slightly acidic skin’s pH and considered as good for hair. All other quality attributes were comparable to the marketed products. The marketed shampoos had superior antifungal activity due to the presence of zinc pyrithione or a higher concentration of salicylic acid or selenium sulfide. Notwithstanding, the tea tree oil shampoos demonstrated an appreciable antifungal activity due to synergistic effects of tea tree oil, sodium lauryl sulphate, and salicylic acid. Furthermore, the tea tree oil shampoos were stable during two months-long stability testing.

Conclusion: Thus, tea tree oil anti-dandruff shampoos have the potential to address the dandruff problem.

Keywords: Anti-dandruff, antifungal, formulation, shampoo, tea tree oil, marketed shampoos.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Pal, R.S.; Saraswat, N.; Wal, P.; Wal, A.; Pal, Y. Preparation & assessment of poly-herbal anti-dandruff formulation. Open Dermatol. J., 2020, 14(1), 22-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874372202014010022]
[2]
Xu, Z.; Wang, Z.; Yuan, C.; Liu, X.; Yang, F.; Wang, T.; Wang, J.; Manabe, K.; Qin, O.; Wang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, M. Dandruff is associated with the conjoined interactions between host and microorganisms. Sci. Rep., 2016, 6(1), 24877.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep24877] [PMID: 27172459]
[3]
Pramodani, M.; Wickramarachchi, W. A clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of selected traditional hair pack for dandruff. Intl. J. Res-Granthaalayah, 2017, 5(1), 12-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i1.2017.1685]
[4]
Rao, K.J.; Paria, S. Anti-Malassezia furfur activity of natural surfactant mediated in situ silver nanoparticles for a better antidandruff shampoo formulation. RSC Advances, 2016, 6(13), 11064-11069.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5RA23174D]
[5]
Sanfilippo, A.; English, J. An overview of medicated shampoos used in dandruff treatment. P&T, 2006, 31(7), 396.
[6]
Sharma, R.M.; Shah, K.; Patel, J. Evaluation of prepared herbal shampoo formulations and to compare formulated shampoo with marketed shampoos. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 2011, 3(4), 402-405.
[7]
Punyoyai, C.; Sirilun, S.; Chantawannakul, P.; Chaiyana, W. Development of antidandruff shampoo from the fermented product of ocimum sanctum linn. Cosmetics, 2018, 5(3), 43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics5030043]
[8]
Gubitosa, J.; Rizzi, V.; Fini, P.; Cosma, P. Hair care cosmetics: from traditional shampoo to solid clay and herbal shampoo, a review. Cosmetics, 2019, 6(1), 13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics6010013]
[9]
Al Badi, K.; Khan, S.A. Formulation, evaluation and comparison of the herbal shampoo with the commercial shampoos. Beni. Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 2014, 3(4), 301-305.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjbas.2014.11.005]
[10]
Arora, P.; Nanda, A.; Karan, M. Shampoos based on synthetic ingredients vis-a-vis shampoos based on herbal ingredients: A review. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 2011, 7(1), 42-46.
[11]
Carson, C.F.; Hammer, K.A.; Riley, T.V. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) oil: A review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 2006, 19(1), 50-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.19.1.50-62.2006] [PMID: 16418522]
[12]
Carson, C.F.; Riley, T.V. Antimicrobial activity of the major components of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 1995, 78(3), 264-269.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1995.tb05025.x] [PMID: 7730203]
[13]
Satchell, A.C.; Saurajen, A.; Bell, C.; Barnetson, R.S. Treatment of dandruff with 5% tea tree oil shampoo. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 2002, 47(6), 852-855.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2002.122734] [PMID: 12451368]
[14]
Umer, H. Anti-dandruff activity of different commercially available shampoo.. Academic Thesis, University of Central Punjab, 2019.
[15]
Aghel, N.; Moghimipour, E.; Raies Dana, A. Formulation of a herbal shampoo using total saponins of Acanthophyllum squarrosum. Iran. J. Pharm. Res., 2010, (3), 167-172.
[16]
Saad, A.H.; Kadhim, R.B.; Rasool, B. Formulation and evaluation of herbal shampoo from Ziziphus spina Christi leaves extract. Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm., 2011, 2, 1802-1806.
[17]
Krunali, T.; Dhara, P.; Meshram, D.; Mitesh, P. Evaluation of standards of some selected shampoo preparation. World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 2013, 2(5), 3622-3630.
[18]
Mainkar, A.R.; Jolly, C.I. Evaluation of commercial herbal shampoos. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 2000, 22(5), 385-391.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2000.00047.x] [PMID: 18503425]
[19]
Bakr, R.O.; Amer, R.I.; Fayed, M.A.A.; Ragab, T.I.M. A completely polyherbal conditioning and antioxidant shampoo: a phytochemical study and pharmaceutical evaluation. J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci., 2019, 11(2), 105-115.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_214_18] [PMID: 31148886]
[20]
Lucia, A.; Guzmán, E. Emulsions containing essential oils, their components or volatile semiochemicals as promising tools for insect pest and pathogen management. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 287102330
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102330] [PMID: 33302055]
[21]
Corbett, J.F. The chemistry of hair‐care products. J. Soc. Dyers Colour., 1976, 92(8), 285-303.
[22]
Gavazzoni Dias, M.F.; de Almeida, A.M.; Cecato, P.M.; Adriano, A.R.; Pichler, J. The shampoo pH can affect the hair: Myth or Reality? Int. J. Trichology, 2014, 6(3), 95-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.139078] [PMID: 25210332]
[23]
Wulansari, A.; Jufri, M.; Budianti, A. Studies on the formulation, physical stability, and in vitro antibacterial activity of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) nanoemulsion gel. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2017, 9(1), 135-139.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2017.v9s1.73_80]
[24]
Kinjuit, H.; Surugau, N. Formulation and evaluation of hair shampoo containing tea tree (Melalenca alternifolia) Oil and virsin coconut (cocos nucifera) oil. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series In: IOP Publishing; 012022, 2019; 1358, . ((1))
[25]
AlQuadeib, B.T.; Eltahir, E.K.D.; Banafa, R.A.; Al-Hadhairi, L.A. Pharmaceutical evaluation of different shampoo brands in local Saudi market. Saudi Pharm. J., 2018, 26(1), 98-106.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2017.10.006] [PMID: 29379340]
[26]
Kumar, A.; Mali, R.R. Evaluation of prepared shampoo formulations and to compare formulated shampoo with marketed shampoos. Evaluation, 2010, 3(1), 25-27.
[27]
Cornwell, P.A. A review of shampoo surfactant technology: Consumer benefits, raw materials and recent developments. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 2018, 40(1), 16-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ics.12439] [PMID: 29095493]
[28]
da Rocha Neto, A.C.; Maraschin, M.; Di Piero, R.M. Antifungal activity of salicylic acid against Penicillium expansum and its possible mechanisms of action. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 2015, 215, 64-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.08.018] [PMID: 26340673]
[29]
Leong, C.; Schmid, B.; Buttafuoco, A.; Glatz, M.; Bosshard, P.P. In vitro efficacy of antifungal agents alone and in shampoo formulation against dandruff-associated Malassezia spp. and Staphylococcus spp. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci., 2019, 41(3), 221-227.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ics.12525] [PMID: 30851208]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
24
1
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy