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Review Article

维生素D：一种可能具有精神活性的多效性激素

卷 28, 期 19, 2021

发表于: 10 December, 2020

页: [3843 - 3864] 页: 22

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867328666201210104701

价格: $65

摘要

背景：18世纪末，人们认识到鱼肝油对佝偻病的疗效，并于1931年分离和合成脂溶性维生素D，此后，人们对其作用方式和功能进行了深入的探索。生化研究确定了维生素D的五种形式，称为D1、D2、D3、D4和D5，在超微结构构象和来源上不同，维生素D2(麦角钙化醇)和D3(胆钙化醇)代表活性形式。尤其是在过去的几十年里，越来越多的数据强调了维生素D是如何调节多种活动和过程的。 目的：本文的目的是综述有关维生素D的文献，并将重心聚焦于它在神经精神障碍的病理生理学中的可能作用。 讨论：现有文献表明，维生素D调节人类和中枢神经系统的多种过程。维生素D缺乏与促炎状态的增强和Aβ低聚物的形成有关，这可能导致老年人典型的认知能力下降，也许还会导致痴呆症。一般地说，维生素D被认为在神经炎症过程中起着至关重要的作用，目前假设神经炎症过程涉及不同精神疾病的病理生理学，如抑郁症、双相情感障碍、强迫症和精神病。 结论：可以想象，补充维生素D可能为广泛的神经精神障碍的“自然”治疗铺平道路，或者至少有助于在耐药病例中增强对精神药物的反应。

关键词: 维生素D，生化，生理，免疫系统，中枢神经系统，神经炎症，心境障碍，强迫症，谱系障碍，自闭症。

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