Generic placeholder image

Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2666-2558
ISSN (Online): 2666-2566

General Research Article

Feature Clustering and Ensemble Learning Based Approach for Software Defect Prediction

Author(s): R. Srivastava and Aman Kumar Jain*

Volume 15, Issue 6, 2022

Published on: 09 November, 2020

Article ID: e220322187739 Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/2666255813999201109201259

Price: $65

Abstract

Objective: Defects in delivered software products not only have financial implications but also affect the reputation of the organisation and lead to wastage of time and human resources. This paper aims to detect defects in software modules.

Methods: Our approach sequentially combines SMOTE algorithm with K - means clustering algorithm to deal with class imbalance problem to obtain a set of key features based on the interclass and intra-class coefficient of correlation and ensemble modeling to predict defects in software modules. After cautious examination, an ensemble framework of XGBoost, Decision Tree, and Random Forest is used for the prediction of software defects owing to numerous merits of the ensembling approach.

Results: We have used five open-source datasets from NASA PROMISE repository for software engineering. The result obtained from our approach has been compared with that of individual algorithms used in the ensemble. A confidence interval for the accuracy of our approach with respect to performance evaluation metrics, namely accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and AUC score, has also been constructed at a significance level of 0.01.

Conclusion: Results have been depicted pictographically.

Keywords: Software defects, feature selection, class imbalance, ensemble modelling, hard voting, confidence interval

Graphical Abstract

[1]
N. F. Schneidewind, and H. M. Hoffmann, "Software root cause prediction using clustering techniques: A review", In 2015 Global Conference on Communication Technologies, p. pp. 511-515., 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1979.234188]
[2]
N.F. Schneidewind, and H.M. Hoffmann, "An experiment in software error data collection and analysis", IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. SE-5, no. 3, pp. 276-286, 1979.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1979.234188]
[3]
D. Potier, J. Albin, R. Ferreol, and A. Bilodeau, "Experiments with computer software complexity and reliability", In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Software engineering, 1991, pp. 94-103
[4]
T. Nakajo, and H. Kume, "A case history analysis of software error cause-effect relationships", IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 8, pp. 830-838, 1991.
[5]
N. Japkowicz, and S. Stephen, "The class imbalance problem: A systematic study", Intell. Data Anal., vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 429-449, 2002.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/IDA-2002-6504]
[6]
N. Japkowicz, "The class imbalance problem: Significance and strategies", In Proceedings of the 2000 International Conference on Artifi-cial Intelligence, vol. Vol. 56, 2000, pp. 111-117
[7]
R. Longadge, and S. Dongre, "Class imbalance problem in data mining review", arXiv:1305.1707. 2013
[8]
G.V. Trunk, "A problem of dimensionality: A simple example", IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 306-307, 1979.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.1979.4766926] [PMID: 21868861]
[9]
F.R. Tangherlini, "Schwarzschild field inn dimensions and the dimensionality of space problem", Il Nuovo Cimento., p. Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 636 -651, 1963, .
[10]
Y. Liu, N.V. Chawla, M.P. Harper, E. Shriberg, and A. Stolcke, "A study in machine learning from imbalanced data for sentence bounda-ry detection in speech", Comput. Speech Lang., vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 468-494, 2006.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csl.2005.06.002]
[11]
R.A. Johnson, N.V. Chawla, and J.J. Hellmann, "Species distribution modeling and prediction: A class imbalance problem", In 2012 Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding, 2012, pp. 9-16
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CIDU.2012.6382186]
[12]
A. Fallahi, and S. Jafari, "An expert system for detection of breast cancer using data preprocessing and bayesian network", Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol., vol. 34, pp. 65-70, 2011.
[13]
S.R. Safavian, and D. Landgrebe, "A survey of decision tree classifier methodology", IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 660-674, 1991.
[14]
M. Pal, "Random forest classifier for remote sensing classification", Int. J. Remote Sens., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 217-222, 2005.
[15]
R. Díaz-Uriarte, and S. Alvarez de Andrés, "Gene selection and classification of microarray data using random forest", BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 3, 2006.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-3] [PMID: 16398926]
[16]
T. Chen, and C. Guestrin, "Xgboost: A scalable tree boosting system", In Proceedings of the 22nd acm sigkdd international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining, 2016, pp. 785-794
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2939672.2939785]
[17]
T. Chen, T. He, M. Benesty, V. Khotilovich, and Y. Tang, " "Xgboost: Extreme gradient boosting", R Package Version 0.4-2, Vol. 1, No. 4, p. pp. 1-4, 2015, .
[18]
T. Dietterich, "Ensemble learning. The handbook of brain theory and neural networks", Arbib MA., 2002.
[19]
H. Zhang, D. Liu, Y. Luo, and D. Wang, "Adaptive dynamic programming for control: Algorithms and stability, 2013th Ed. London, England: Springer,", 2015
[20]
N. Jamali, and C. Sammut, "Majority voting: Material classification by tactile sensing using surface texture", IEEE Trans. Robot., vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 508-521, 2011.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TRO.2011.2127110]
[21]
T.J. McCabe, "A complexity measure", IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., no. 4, pp. 308-320, 1976.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.1976.233837]
[22]
"M. H. Halstead, Elements of Software Science. London, England: Elsevier Science,", 1977
[23]
S.R. Chidamber, and C.F. Kemerer, "A metrics suite for object oriented design", IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 476-493, 1994.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/32.295895]
[24]
X. Yang, D. Lo, X. Xia, Y. Zhang, and J. Sun, "Deep learning for just-in-time defect prediction", In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security, 2015, pp. 17-26
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QRS.2015.14]
[25]
Y. Kamei, E. Shihab, B. Adams, A.E. Hassan, A. Mockus, A. Sinha, and N. Ubayashi, "A large-scale empirical study of just-in-time qual-ity assurance", IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 757-773, 2012.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2012.70]
[26]
S. Wang, T. Liu, and L. Tan, "Automatically learning semantic features for defect prediction", In", 2016 IEEE/ACM 38th International Conference on Software Engineering, p. pp. 297-308, 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2884781.2884804]
[27]
J. Li, P. He, J. Zhu, and M.R. Lyu, "Software defect prediction via convolutional neural network", In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security, 2017, pp. 318-328
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/QRS.2017.42]
[28]
P.D. Singh, and A. Chug, "Software defect prediction analysis using machine learning algorithms", In 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science Engineering-Confluence, 2017, pp. 775-781
[29]
S. Patil, A.N. Rao, and C.S. Bindu, "Semi-supervised machine learning and adaptive data clustering approach for software defect predic-tion", Int. J. Simul. Syst. Sci. Technol, vol. 20, no. 1, 2019.
[30]
J. Zheng, "Cost-sensitive boosting neural networks for software defect prediction", Expert Syst. Appl., vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 4537-4543, 2010.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2009.12.056]
[31]
X. Yang, K. Tang, and X. Yao, "A learning-to-rank approach to software defect prediction", IEEE Trans. Reliab., vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 234-246, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TR.2014.2370891]
[32]
L. Pelayo, and S. Dick, "Applying novel resampling strategies to software defect prediction", in NAFIPS 2007-2007 Annual meeting of the North American fuzzy information processing society, p. pp. 69-72, 2007.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NAFIPS.2007.383813]
[33]
R. Jindal, R. Malhotra, and A. Jain, "Software defect prediction using neural networks", In Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization, 2014, pp. 1-6
[34]
Z. Li, X.Y. Jing, and X. Zhu, "Progress on approaches to software defect prediction", IET Softw., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 161-175, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-sen.2017.0148]
[35]
X. Cai, Y. Niu, S. Geng, J. Zhang, Z. Cui, J. Li, and J. Chen, "An undersampled software defect prediction method based on hybrid multi objective cuckoo search", Concurr. Comput., vol. 32, no. 5, p. 5478, 2020.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.5478]
[36]
D. Tripathi, D.R. Edla, V. Kuppili, A. Bablani, and R. Dharavath, "Credit scoring model based on weighted voting and cluster based fea-ture selection", Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 132, pp. 22-31, 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.05.055]
[37]
T. Menzies, B. Caglayan, E. Kocaguneli, J. Krall, F. Peters, and B. Turhan, ""The promise repository of empirical software engineering data 2012",

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version418msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (111ms)time
  • Application (307ms)time
  • 1 x Application (73.43%)
    307ms
    1 x Booting (26.56%)
    111ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    37 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 33 unique. Show only duplicated229ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('314448117','',1,1740346647,1740346647) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740346647
      910μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('314448117','/article/111294',1,1740346647,1740346647)
      140μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) limit 1
      17.92msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 314448117
      • 1: 314448117
      • 2: 314448117
      • 3: 314448117
      • 4: 314448117
      • 5: 314448117
      • 6: 314448117
      • 7: 314448117
      • 8: 314448117
      • 9: 314448117
      • 10: 314448117
      • 11: 314448117
      • 12: 314448117
      • 13: 314448117
      • 14: 314448117
      • 15: 314448117
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=111294
      890μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 179 limit 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 179
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=179) and sj.journal_id!=179 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      780μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=179) and sj.journal_id!=179 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      730μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=179) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      2.49msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=179) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      2.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '111294'
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 111294
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '111294'
      2.93msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 111294
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '111294' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.72msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 111294
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 179 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      43.56msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 179 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      8.32msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 179 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      5.37msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 111294 limit 1
      420μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 111294
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 111294 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      490μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 16 and cd.sub_disease_id = 436 and content_id!=111294 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      81.8msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#769
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:769
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 187739 limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 187739
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'RACSC' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      390μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: RACSC
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '111294' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      420μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '11388' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '3174' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3174) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3174) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3174)
      44.55msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11388) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11388) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11388)
      700μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 111294) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 111294) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 111294)
      830μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '868' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11388 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 868
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '882' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11388 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      590μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 882
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 111294 limit 1
      3.81msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 111294
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 179 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.54msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 179
      • 3: 1740346647
      • 4: 1740346647
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 179 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.56msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 179
      • 3: 1740346647
      • 4: 1740346647
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='1f763a0cfea6a2809d29266ee3c2fd36'
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        3EyXsrYp0CWdsKvr7ksA7kL1iiEgoB6KyiHYAnKv
        uc_cart_id
        1f763a0cfea6a2809d29266ee3c2fd36
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/111294" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/111294
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Sun, 23 Feb 2025 21:37:27 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ii9kUnByTy9FbHpmeXhVZFkyTURvb3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTHVRUmJOc25QOFd2anpBSFViYzFxazJ2L0M4MXZPVGQwWDZHRmduSE0wZkZBZ0t3a0p5eEJGY0R6YW52MmxKZ0d1ek53RHpGUVBvYXNvVjlRRWgyTXNTdnVPRXF3dnZsZURYWHJrZTVHTEt3RGFNb0h4VzJOV3ZISTNCbkMxUVciLCJtYWMiOiIwMjFjNDEwZDI2NDJjZWMwOWQ1ODZjZTc2ODllZjIzMmUyMjhlNDI4MWE4MzUyOTk4YmE1YjNmZGYyZGZiZjVkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 09:37:27 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ii9kUnByTy9FbHpmeXhVZFkyTURvb3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTHVRUmJOc25QOFd2anpBSFViYzFxazJ2L0M4MXZPVGQwWDZHRmduSE0wZkZBZ0t3a0p5eEJGY0R6YW52MmxKZ0d1ek53R" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ik9sSUhHbnNacTVhYkV2ZlpSWXJOOHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVkxXTy8wTUlaU0Q1Y1Q4SVVzOVhxeU9Hcnl2cDBUWWJIOU9jUHNTSEQ1cEs2eVdUTjZkTWZ3N2pkV3BYYXBQYkVuZ2Y3elMxWWNaT2J4ZS96bmlIY0hWZG1zbklCSzRld0U2azVwdE5wcjZYdTJ2cS9KSXozY2xSY1EwUVV4OVoiLCJtYWMiOiJjMzliY2Q1MmY0MzU0MWIwOWUzZTc0OWNlOWVkODkyN2JjZmU0ZDhjYThmZWIwMDEwYzQyNGY3YzU4MGI4OGQ1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ik9sSUhHbnNacTVhYkV2ZlpSWXJOOHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVkxXTy8wTUlaU0Q1Y1Q4SVVzOVhxeU9Hcnl2cDBUWWJIOU9jUHNTSEQ1cEs2eVdUTjZkTWZ3N2p" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ii9kUnByTy9FbHpmeXhVZFkyTURvb3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTHVRUmJOc25QOFd2anpBSFViYzFxazJ2L0M4MXZPVGQwWDZHRmduSE0wZkZBZ0t3a0p5eEJGY0R6YW52MmxKZ0d1ek53RHpGUVBvYXNvVjlRRWgyTXNTdnVPRXF3dnZsZURYWHJrZTVHTEt3RGFNb0h4VzJOV3ZISTNCbkMxUVciLCJtYWMiOiIwMjFjNDEwZDI2NDJjZWMwOWQ1ODZjZTc2ODllZjIzMmUyMjhlNDI4MWE4MzUyOTk4YmE1YjNmZGYyZGZiZjVkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 09:37:27 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Ii9kUnByTy9FbHpmeXhVZFkyTURvb3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTHVRUmJOc25QOFd2anpBSFViYzFxazJ2L0M4MXZPVGQwWDZHRmduSE0wZkZBZ0t3a0p5eEJGY0R6YW52MmxKZ0d1ek53R" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ik9sSUhHbnNacTVhYkV2ZlpSWXJOOHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVkxXTy8wTUlaU0Q1Y1Q4SVVzOVhxeU9Hcnl2cDBUWWJIOU9jUHNTSEQ1cEs2eVdUTjZkTWZ3N2pkV3BYYXBQYkVuZ2Y3elMxWWNaT2J4ZS96bmlIY0hWZG1zbklCSzRld0U2azVwdE5wcjZYdTJ2cS9KSXozY2xSY1EwUVV4OVoiLCJtYWMiOiJjMzliY2Q1MmY0MzU0MWIwOWUzZTc0OWNlOWVkODkyN2JjZmU0ZDhjYThmZWIwMDEwYzQyNGY3YzU4MGI4OGQ1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ik9sSUhHbnNacTVhYkV2ZlpSWXJOOHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiVkxXTy8wTUlaU0Q1Y1Q4SVVzOVhxeU9Hcnl2cDBUWWJIOU9jUHNTSEQ1cEs2eVdUTjZkTWZ3N2p" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "3EyXsrYp0CWdsKvr7ksA7kL1iiEgoB6KyiHYAnKv" "uc_cart_id" => "1f763a0cfea6a2809d29266ee3c2fd36" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/111294" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-23 21:37:27GET/article/111294414371