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Current Alzheimer Research

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ISSN (Print): 1567-2050
ISSN (Online): 1875-5828

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Research Article

Modelling Decline in Cognition to Decline in Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

Author(s): Helene Karcher, Marina Savelieva, Luyuan Qi, Noemi Hummel, Angelika Caputo, Valery Risson*, Gorana Capkun and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Volume 17, Issue 7, 2020

Page: [635 - 657] Pages: 23

DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201008105429

Price: $65

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate and quantify the temporal link between cognitive and functional decline, and assess the impact of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE-e4) genotype on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression.

Methods: A nonlinear mixed-effects Emax model was developed using longitudinal data from 659 patients with dementia due to AD sourced from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) database. A cognitive decline model was first built using a cognitive subscale of the AD assessment scale (delayed word recall) as the endpoint, followed by a functional decline model, using the functional assessment questionnaire (FAQ) as the endpoint. Individual and population cognitive decline from the first model drove a functional decline in the second model. The impact of the APOE-e4 genotype status on the dynamics of AD progression was evaluated using the model.

Results: Mixed-effects Emax models adequately quantified population average and individual disease trajectories. The model captured a higher initial cognitive impairment and final functional impairment in APOE-e4 carriers than non-carriers. The age at cognitive decline and diagnosis of dementia due to AD was significantly lower in APOE-e4 carriers than that of non-carriers. The average [standard deviation] time shift between cognitive and functional decline, i.e. the time span between half of the maximum cognitive decline and half of the maximum functional decline, was estimated as 1.5 [1.6] years.

Conclusion: The present analysis quantifies the temporal link between a cognitive and functional decline in AD progression at the population and individual level, and provides information about the potential benefits of pre-clinical AD treatments on both cognition and function.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, cognitive decline, functional decline, APOE-e4, mixed-effects model, ADAS-Cog, FAQ, ADNI.

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