摘要
背景:乳腺癌和卵巢癌是全世界妇女的主要健康问题。化疗构成了主要的治疗策略,而纳米载体的使用是一种改进它的好工具。一些纳米制剂已经获得批准,还有一些正在临床试验中,用于治疗这两种类型的癌症。 目的:这篇综述着重分析了目前临床研究中用于治疗这些肿瘤的纳米制剂。 结果:目前,有6种纳米制剂正在进行乳腺癌和卵巢癌的临床试验,其中大多数处于II期和III期。在乳腺癌治疗方面,这些纳米药物含有紫杉醇;对于卵巢癌,含有紫杉醇或喜树碱类似物的纳米制剂正在进行评估。这些抗肿瘤药物的纳米胶囊化便于给药并降低其全身毒性。然而,纳米制剂的最终批准和商业化可能会受到其他方面的限制,比如在体内和体外水平评价的疗效结果之间缺乏相关性,与常规抗肿瘤制剂相比,难以以可重复的方式大批量生产纳米制剂,且生产成本较高。然而,这些挑战并非不可克服,批准用于癌症治疗的纳米制剂的数量正在增加。 结论:总的来说,经过审查的纳米制剂显示出了优异的结果,显示出良好的安全性,更高的最大耐受剂量和类似甚至略优于免费药物的抗肿瘤疗效,加强了纳米化疗在乳腺和卵巢肿瘤中的应用。
关键词: 乳腺癌,喜树碱,化疗,脂质体,纳米载体,卵巢癌,紫杉醇
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