Drug Repurposing: A Strategy for Discovering Inhibitors against Emerging Viral Infections

doi:10.2174/0929867327666200812215852
摘要

背景：病毒性疾病是世界各地数人死亡的原因。在过去的几年里，世界上发生了几次由病毒性疾病引起的暴发，在很长一段时间内，这些疾病似乎没有任何风险。这些是早已被遗忘的疾病，直到今天，还没有获得批准的药物或疫苗，导致制药业和几个研究小组在寻找新的药物治疗或预防方法时没有时间。在这种情况下，药物再利用被证明是一种快速且经济可行的技术，因为它使用的药物具有完善的安全性。因此，在这篇综述中，我们介绍了药物再利用的主要进展及其在寻找针对新出现的病毒性疾病的新疗法方面的益处。方法：我们使用关键词“药物再利用”、“新出现的病毒感染”和每一个关键词在书目数据库（Science Direct、Bentham Science、PubMed、Springer、ACS Publisher、Wiley 和 NIH 的 COVID-19 Portfolio）中进行了搜索。此处报告的疾病（CoV；ZIKV；DENV；CHIKV；EBOV 和 MARV）作为纳入/排除标准。对纳入本手稿的作品质量进行了主观分析。因此，选定的作品是那些通过计算、高通量筛选或基于表型的策略，展示针对此处介绍的新兴病毒疾病重新定位的药物，没有时间限制并具有相关的科学价值。结果：入选论文291篇，其中CHIKV论文24篇； 52 为 ZIKV； 43 为 DENV； 35 为 EBOV； 10 为 MARV； 56 篇与 CoV 相关，其余（72 篇论文）与药物再利用和新出现的病毒性疾病相关。在与 CoV 相关的文章中，大多数发表于 2020 年（31 篇论文），更新了当前主题。此外，2003-2005年间有10篇文章，2011-2015年间有7篇文章，描绘了当时发生的疫情。对于 ZIKV，与 CoV 类似，大多数出版物都发生在 2016 年至 2017 年之间的爆发期间（23 篇文章）。同样，大多数 CHIKV（13 篇论文）和 DENV（14 篇论文）发表在同一时间间隔。对于 EBOV（13 篇论文）和 MARV（4 篇论文），它们是在 2015 年至 2016 年之间。通过这次审查，突出了几种可以在体内进化的药物，并且尽可能用于对抗这些病原体的临床试验表明，瑞德西韦具有潜力冠状病毒的治疗。此外，利巴韦林也可能是一种针对 CHIKV 的潜在治疗方法。 sofosbuvir 对抗 ZIKV； celgosivir 对抗 DENV，favipiravir 对抗 EBOV 和 MARV，代表着对抗这些病原体的新希望。结论：这篇综述手稿的结论显示了药物再利用策略在发现新药品方面的潜力，因为通过这种方法，药物可用于治疗新出现的病毒性疾病。因此，该策略值得研究小组更多关注，并且是发现针对新出现的病毒性疾病和其他疾病的新药的一种有前途的方法。
关键词: 病毒性疾病、药物再利用、新兴病毒、药物设计、分子建模、抗病毒。
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867327666200812215852	Print ISSN 0929-8673
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-533X
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