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Mini-Review Article

A型肉毒杆菌毒素在癌症疼痛的伤害性和神经病理性通路中的作用机制

卷 28, 期 15, 2021

发表于: 06 August, 2020

页: [2996 - 3009] 页: 14

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867327666200806105024

价格: $65

摘要

背景：A 型肉毒杆菌毒素 (BoNT-A) 广泛用于美容目的和治疗某些疾病，如斜视、面肌痉挛和局灶性肌张力障碍等。 BoNT-A 的作用主要是通过抑制突触前水平乙酰胆碱的释放，从而阻断神经肌肉接头的动作电位，从而在肌肉水平上发挥作用。尽管在批准和药物使用方面取得了很大进展，但在将 BoNT-A 替换为其他病理方面的改进仍然非常有限。被诊断为多种类型癌症的患者会以多种方式经历疼痛；它可以表现为痛觉过敏或异常性疼痛，疼痛的严重程度在某种程度上取决于肿瘤所在的位置。诊断为癌症的患者的疼痛缓解并不总是最佳的，随着疾病的进展，有时不可避免地需要使用更具攻击性的药物，如阿片类药物。近年来，人们探索了 BoNT-A 在癌症中的应用，以及一种镇痛药；已经在动物模型和人体中进行了神经性、炎症和急性疼痛的实验。虽然其机制尚不完全清楚，但有证据表明，BoNT-A 抑制疼痛介质（P 物质、谷氨酸盐和降钙素基因相关蛋白）从神经末梢和背根神经节分泌，直接影响痛觉传递通过前外侧和三叉丘脑系统。 目的：该研究旨在收集关于 BoNT-A 在患有急性、神经性和炎症性疼痛的癌症患者中的分子、生理和神经生物学证据的现有文献，以确定 BoNT-A 可能对疼痛产生积极影响的可能作用机制治疗。 结论：BoNT-A 可以作为一种重要的新辅助和辅助治疗多种癌症，以减少促肿瘤活性和继发性疼痛。

关键词: A 型肉毒杆菌毒素、伤害感受、癌症、神经性疼痛、伤害性疼痛、谷氨酸盐。

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