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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

Ghrelin Based Therapy of Metabolic Diseases

Author(s): Yuan Liang, Wenzhen Yin, Yue Yin* and Weizhen Zhang*

Volume 28, Issue 13, 2021

Published on: 15 June, 2020

Page: [2565 - 2576] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200615152804

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Ghrelin, a unique 28 amino acid peptide hormone secreted by the gastric X/A like cells, is an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin-GHSR signaling has been found to exert various physiological functions, including stimulation of appetite, regulation of body weight, lipid and glucose metabolism, and increase of gut motility and secretion. This system is thus critical for energy homeostasis.

Objective: The objective of this review is to highlight the strategies of ghrelin-GHSR based intervention for therapy of obesity and its related metabolic diseases.

Results: Therapeutic strategies of metabolic disorders targeting the ghrelin-GHSR pathway involve neutralization of circulating ghrelin by antibodies and RNA spiegelmers, antagonism of ghrelin receptor by its antagonists and inverse agonists, inhibition of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), as well as potential pharmacological approach to decrease ghrelin synthesis and secretion.

Conclusion: Various compounds targeting the ghrelin-GHSR system have shown promising efficacy for the intervention of obesity and relevant metabolic disorders in animals and in vitro. Further clinical trials to validate their efficacy in human beings are urgently needed.

Keywords: Ghrelin, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), therapeutic strategies, obesity, body weight, food intake.

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