Research Article

美他沙酮抑制小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞中与疼痛相关的炎性细胞因子的产生:与β-石竹烯协同作用

卷 20, 期 8, 2020

页: [643 - 652] 页: 10

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1566524020666200217102508

价格: $65

摘要

背景和目的:炎症与许多疾病的发病机制有关。伴有疼痛的炎症细胞因子是众所周知的人类肌肉疼痛的生物标记物,它们由巨噬细胞产生。美他沙酮被用作骨骼肌松弛剂,但其作用机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨美他沙酮在体外是否对炎性巨噬细胞活性有抑制作用。 方法:小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞在含有10%胎牛血清的杜尔贝科修饰的鹰培养液中培养。计数附在培养皿上的细胞数,检测细胞生长情况。用ELISA试剂盒分析释放到培养基中的炎性细胞因子。 结果:在体外实验中发现美他沙酮(1-100μM)通过抑制RAW264.7细胞的增殖和刺激细胞死亡来减少巨噬细胞的数量。美他沙酮(0.1或1μM)和β-石竹烯(10或50μM)单独作用对细胞数量没有显著影响,但对RAW264.7细胞的生长和死亡有潜在的影响。机械地说,用美他沙酮或β-石竹烯治疗可以降低丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的分子水平,并且两者联合使用可以增强每种效果。此外,美他沙酮或β-石竹烯可增加caspase-3的水平,并通过二者的联合增强。值得注意的是,制作的炎性细胞因子,包括肿瘤坏死因子-

关键词: β-石柱烯,炎性细胞因子,COX-1

Erratum For:
CMM-20-8-643.html

[1]
McBeth J, Jones K. Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2007; 21(3): 403-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.berh.2007.03.003] [PMID: 17602991]
[2]
Andersson G. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons The Burden of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the United States: Prevalence, Societal, and Economic Cost. Rosemont, IL: American Acad. of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2008.
[3]
Maruotti N, Cantatore FP, Crivellato E, Vacca A, Ribatti D. Macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22(5): 581-6.
[PMID: 17330813]
[4]
See S, Ginzburg R. Choosing a skeletal muscle relaxant. Am Fam Physician 2008; 78(3): 365-70.
[PMID: 18711953]
[5]
Abdelhamid RE, Sluka KA. ASICs mediate pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal diseases. Physiology (Bethesda) 2015; 30(6): 449-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00030.2015] [PMID: 26525344]
[6]
Berenbaum F. Osteoarthritis as an inflammatory disease (osteoarthritis is not osteoarthrosis!). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2013; 21(1): 16-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2012.11.012] [PMID: 23194896]
[7]
Majithia V, Geraci SA. Rheumatoid arthritis: diagnosis and management. Am J Med 2007; 120(11): 936-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.04.005] [PMID: 17976416]
[8]
Frey Law LA, Sluka KA, McMullen T, Lee J, Arendt-Nielsen L, Graven-Nielsen T. Acidic buffer induced muscle pain evokes referred pain and mechanical hyperalgesia in humans. Pain 2008; 140(2): 254-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2008.08.014] [PMID: 18835099]
[9]
Ferreira PH, Beckenkamp P, Maher CG, Hopper JL, Ferreira ML. Nature or nurture in low back pain? Results of a systematic review of studies based on twin samples. Eur J Pain 2013; 17(7): 957-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00277.x] [PMID: 23335362]
[10]
Pomari E, Stefanon B, Colitti M. Effect of plant extracts on H2O2-induced inflammatory gene expression in macrophages. J Inflamm Res 2014; 7: 103-12.
[PMID: 25075197]
[11]
Gertsch J, Leonti M, Raduner S, et al. Beta-caryophyllene is a dietary cannabinoid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105(26): 9099-104.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0803601105] [PMID: 18574142]
[12]
Ormeño E, Baldy V, Ballini C, Fernandez C. Production and diversity of volatile terpenes from plants on calcareous and siliceous soils: effect of soil nutrients. J Chem Ecol 2008; 34(9): 1219-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-008-9515-2] [PMID: 18670820]
[13]
Katsuyama S, Mizoguchi H, Kuwahata H, et al. Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception. Eur J Pain 2013; 17(5): 664-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00242.x] [PMID: 23138934]
[14]
Paula-Freire LI, Andersen ML, Gama VS, Molska GR, Carlini EL. The oral administration of trans-caryophyllene attenuates acute and chronic pain in mice. Phytomedicine 2014; 21(3): 356-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.08.006] [PMID: 24055516]
[15]
Chavan MJ, Wakte PS, Shinde DB. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Caryophyllene oxide from Annona squamosa L. bark. Phytomedicine 2010; 17(2): 149-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.05.016] [PMID: 19576741]
[16]
Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Mazzanti G, Bartolini A. Local anaesthetic activity of beta-caryophyllene. Farmaco 2001; 56(5-7): 387-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-827X(01)01092-8] [PMID: 11482764]
[17]
Martinez RM, Zarpelon AC, Cardoso RD, et al. Tephrosia sinapou ethyl acetate extract inhibits inflammatory pain in mice: opioid receptor dependent inhibition of TNFα and IL-1β production. Pharm Biol 2013; 51(10): 1262-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2013.786099] [PMID: 23855752]
[18]
Yamaguchi M, Levy RM. The combination of β-caryophyllene, baicalin and catechin synergistically suppresses the proliferation and promotes the death of RAW267.4 macrophages in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38(6): 1940-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2016.2801] [PMID: 27840942]
[19]
Yamaguchi M, Vikulina T, Arbiser JL, Weitzmann MN. Suppression of NF-κB activation by gentian violet promotes osteoblastogenesis and suppresses osteoclastogenesis. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14(6): 783-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524014666140724104842] [PMID: 25056540]
[20]
Yamaguchi M, Daimon Y. Overexpression of regucalcin suppresses cell proliferation in cloned rat hepatoma H4-II-E cells: involvement of intracellular signaling factors and cell cycle-related genes. J Cell Biochem 2005; 95(6): 1169-77.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.20490] [PMID: 15962315]
[21]
Izumi T, Yamaguchi M. Overexpression of regucalcin suppresses cell death in cloned rat hepatoma H4-II-E cells induced by tumor necrosis factor-α or thapsigargin. J Cell Biochem 2004; 92(2): 296-306.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.20056] [PMID: 15108356]
[22]
Toth PP, Urtis J. Commonly used muscle relaxant therapies for acute low back pain: a review of carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, and metaxalone. Clin Ther 2004; 26(9): 1355-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2004.09.008] [PMID: 15530999]
[23]
Serrano-Nascimento C, da Silva Teixeira S, Nicola JP, Nachbar RT, Masini-Repiso AM, Nunes MT. The acute inhibitory effect of iodide excess on sodium/iodide symporter expression and activity involves the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Endocrinology 2014; 155(3): 1145-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-1665] [PMID: 24424051]
[24]
Pelech SL, Charest DL, Mordret GP, et al. Networking with mitogen-activated protein kinases. Mol Cell Biochem 1993; 127-128: 157-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01076767] [PMID: 7935348]
[25]
Zhi-Kun S, Hong-Qi Y, Zhi-Quan W, Jing P, Zhen H, Sheng-Di C. Erythropoietin prevents PC12 cells from beta-amyloid-induced apoptosis via PI3K⁄Akt pathway. Transl Neurodegener 2012; 1(1): 7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2047-9158-1-7] [PMID: 23211059]
[26]
Zhao Y, Jing Z, Li Y, Mao W. Berberine in combination with cisplatin suppresses breast cancer cell growth through induction of DNA breaks and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Oncol Rep 2016; 36(1): 567-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2016.4785] [PMID: 27177238]
[27]
Medeiros R, Otuki MF, Avellar MC, Calixto JB. Mechanisms underlying the inhibitory actions of the pentacyclic triterpene alpha-amyrin in the mouse skin inflammation induced by phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 559(2-3): 227-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.12.005] [PMID: 17258194]
[28]
Ko HM, Koppula S, Kim BW, et al. Inflexin attenuates proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in LPS-treated microglia. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 633(1-3): 98-106.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.02.011] [PMID: 20159010]
[29]
Echizen K, Hirose O, Maeda Y, Oshima M. Inflammation in gastric cancer: Interplay of the COX-2/prostaglandin E2 and Toll-like receptor/MyD88 pathways. Cancer Sci 2016; 107(4): 391-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.12901] [PMID: 27079437]
[30]
Lin CC, Chan CM, Huang YP, Hsu SH, Huang CL, Tsai SJ. Methylglyoxal activates NF-κB nuclear translocation and induces COX-2 expression via a p38-dependent pathway in synovial cells. Life Sci 2016; 149: 25-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.060] [PMID: 26898122]
[31]
Li N, Liu BW, Ren WZ, et al. Wang W. GLP-2 attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in BV-2 cells by inhibiting ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17(2): 190.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms17020190] [PMID: 26861286]
[32]
Cha SM, Cha JD, Jang EJ, Kim GU, Lee KY. Sophoraflavanone G prevents Streptococcus mutans surface antigen I/II-induced production of NO and PGE2 by inhibiting MAPK-mediated pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 68: 97-104.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.04.001] [PMID: 27111520]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version374msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[21:32:15] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[21:32:15] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[21:32:15] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (90.72ms)time
  • Application (283ms)time
  • 1 x Application (75.74%)
    283ms
    1 x Booting (24.26%)
    90.72ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    41 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 37 unique. Show only duplicated215ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59854122','',1,1740346335,1740346335) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740346335
      900μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59854122','/article/104548/cn',1,1740346335,1740346335)
      150μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59854122 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59854122) limit 1
      11.31msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 59854122
      • 1: 59854122
      • 2: 59854122
      • 3: 59854122
      • 4: 59854122
      • 5: 59854122
      • 6: 59854122
      • 7: 59854122
      • 8: 59854122
      • 9: 59854122
      • 10: 59854122
      • 11: 59854122
      • 12: 59854122
      • 13: 59854122
      • 14: 59854122
      • 15: 59854122
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=104548
      610μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 23 limit 1
      740μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 23
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and sj.journal_id!=23 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      790μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and sj.journal_id!=23 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      670μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      2.66msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=23) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      2.24msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '104548'
      1.62msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '104548'
      2.35msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '104548' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      2.06msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 23 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      25.53msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 23 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      12.27msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 23 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      7.69msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 104548 limit 1
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 104548 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 295 and cd.sub_disease_id = 300 and content_id!=104548 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      118msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#769
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:769
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 179400 limit 1
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 179400
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CMM' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CMM
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '104548' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '9975' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2689' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2689) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2689) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2689)
      1.73msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9975) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9975) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9975)
      530μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 104548) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 104548) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59854122 and j.to_ip >=59854122 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346335 and j.to_date >= 1740346335 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 104548)
      550μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '643' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9975 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 643
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '652' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9975 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      350μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 652
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'cn'
      160μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2486
      Bindings
      • 0: cn
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2486
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 2
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2487
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `multilanguage_article` where (`language_id` = 2 and `article_id` = 104548)
      5.41msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2488
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      • 1: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2488
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `keyword` from `multilanguage_keywords` where (`language_id` = 2 and `article_id` = 104548)
      2.77msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2489
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      • 1: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2489
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ', ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs , `au`.*, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `multilanguage_authors` as `au` left join `multilanguage_author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = 104548 group by `au`.`id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      6.4msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLangAuthor.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLangAuthor.php:30
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2493
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `multilanguage_journal`.`title` from `multilanguage_journal` where `multilanguage_journal`.`journal_id` = 23 and `language_id` = 2
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2495
      Bindings
      • 0: 23
      • 1: 2
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2495
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 104548 limit 1
      1.82msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 104548
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 23 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740346335 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740346335 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 23
      • 3: 1740346335
      • 4: 1740346335
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 23 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740346335 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740346335 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 23
      • 3: 1740346335
      • 4: 1740346335
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='1bab92674dcafa7c17d04042b119f086'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLangArticle
    2MultiLangArticle.php#?
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        dOf7XxivEKu0dgeFrhuLBnmsn4hrOzbRzZVQl27F
        uc_cart_id
        1bab92674dcafa7c17d04042b119f086
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/104548/cn" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/104548/cn
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:9 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InB5eHB6d0ppOGltUkZxRnczeUs5eGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibTZRZ3FHWXdGVVJOT1d6R0Uyb0ZrdHUyeXRUbFEyRVdZY0xVV0oxdCt6az0iLCJtYWMiOiIzMTRkMDcwY2E2YTBmMWYzMmNlZTNjY2YzMzZjYjRmYmUxOGFhZDlmN2QxNWEzNThiNTA4YmNhZDVkODVjOWFjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InB5eHB6d0ppOGltUkZxRnczeUs5eGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibTZRZ3FHWXdGVVJOT1d6R0Uyb0ZrdHUyeXRUbFEyRVdZY0xVV0oxdCt6az0iLCJtYWMiOiIzMTRkMDcwY2E2YTBm" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Sun, 23 Feb 2025 21:32:15 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNkTUx0RkNsZnZnY01yZzdFVGxDclE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV1IrOCtWdWFNS21yTExwcGk3cVFyR0lwUVBJMlNJOW1nNk83K094THdyYjdVRVJyS2MzYjlOYzdhVWlrUHpQYmtwZ0V5WUt4Q3hSa1l6S1k5akt0S21tZXZLNmJLT3BzWGVVRzUreXBvZzhZcnY0cWpwREM4elZJZzRmdm9kbEUiLCJtYWMiOiI2YmZiMWY5ZjA5NzM4OTZjZDk0NmViZjY0MjM2Y2E3NzU2Yjc0YjBhMDAyOTY5MTM4YWE0OGJlMTI1OWVhNTViIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 09:32:15 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNkTUx0RkNsZnZnY01yZzdFVGxDclE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV1IrOCtWdWFNS21yTExwcGk3cVFyR0lwUVBJMlNJOW1nNk83K094THdyYjdVRVJyS2MzYjlOYzdhVWlrUHpQYmtwZ0V5W" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkZ5Z3NYMlc5OHhBMXJiY2dLSWNMaUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidVdkdHZmWXFYQ0MreUVOQjkzMTJycmlUWmFINytld2h3L2xkK3B5ZmI3aFBndjdtRXFCclFYYzBTeW5remVlTlVTdFpnSkUrYURJMkl4cDJPeVF0SkF2MWkzcFhqR2pEenZKQ3kybXhVc2hmVDNiK1BpRC8wZ3Z4TnZ2MERON1UiLCJtYWMiOiIzODdmNDVkMjc2ZTQzMmZhMGI5MzdlYjJhYTQ2Y2IyMjdiZWEwZDU3NGNlYTE1NjNhZjY5ZDFlZjQ2NjNhZGI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkZ5Z3NYMlc5OHhBMXJiY2dLSWNMaUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidVdkdHZmWXFYQ0MreUVOQjkzMTJycmlUWmFINytld2h3L2xkK3B5ZmI3aFBndjdtRXFCclFYYzB" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNkTUx0RkNsZnZnY01yZzdFVGxDclE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV1IrOCtWdWFNS21yTExwcGk3cVFyR0lwUVBJMlNJOW1nNk83K094THdyYjdVRVJyS2MzYjlOYzdhVWlrUHpQYmtwZ0V5WUt4Q3hSa1l6S1k5akt0S21tZXZLNmJLT3BzWGVVRzUreXBvZzhZcnY0cWpwREM4elZJZzRmdm9kbEUiLCJtYWMiOiI2YmZiMWY5ZjA5NzM4OTZjZDk0NmViZjY0MjM2Y2E3NzU2Yjc0YjBhMDAyOTY5MTM4YWE0OGJlMTI1OWVhNTViIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 09:32:15 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNkTUx0RkNsZnZnY01yZzdFVGxDclE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiV1IrOCtWdWFNS21yTExwcGk3cVFyR0lwUVBJMlNJOW1nNk83K094THdyYjdVRVJyS2MzYjlOYzdhVWlrUHpQYmtwZ0V5W" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkZ5Z3NYMlc5OHhBMXJiY2dLSWNMaUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidVdkdHZmWXFYQ0MreUVOQjkzMTJycmlUWmFINytld2h3L2xkK3B5ZmI3aFBndjdtRXFCclFYYzBTeW5remVlTlVTdFpnSkUrYURJMkl4cDJPeVF0SkF2MWkzcFhqR2pEenZKQ3kybXhVc2hmVDNiK1BpRC8wZ3Z4TnZ2MERON1UiLCJtYWMiOiIzODdmNDVkMjc2ZTQzMmZhMGI5MzdlYjJhYTQ2Y2IyMjdiZWEwZDU3NGNlYTE1NjNhZjY5ZDFlZjQ2NjNhZGI0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkZ5Z3NYMlc5OHhBMXJiY2dLSWNMaUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidVdkdHZmWXFYQ0MreUVOQjkzMTJycmlUWmFINytld2h3L2xkK3B5ZmI3aFBndjdtRXFCclFYYzB" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "dOf7XxivEKu0dgeFrhuLBnmsn4hrOzbRzZVQl27F" "uc_cart_id" => "1bab92674dcafa7c17d04042b119f086" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/104548/cn" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-23 21:32:15GET/article/104548/cn314413