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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

The Role of the Endothelium in Premature Atherosclerosis: Molecular Mechanisms

Author(s): Michael Spartalis*, Eleftherios Spartalis, Antonios Athanasiou, ">Stavroula A. Paschou, ">Christos Kontogiannis, ">Georgios Georgiopoulos, Dimitrios C. Iliopoulos and Vassilis Voudris

Volume 27, Issue 7, 2020

Page: [1041 - 1051] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190911141951

Price: $65

Abstract

Atherosclerotic disease is still one of the leading causes of mortality. Atherosclerosis is a complex progressive and systematic artery disease that involves the intima of the large and middle artery vessels. The inflammation has a key role in the pathophysiological process of the disease and the infiltration of the intima from monocytes, macrophages and T-lymphocytes combined with endothelial dysfunction and accumulated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are the main findings of atherogenesis. The development of atherosclerosis involves multiple genetic and environmental factors. Although a large number of genes, genetic polymorphisms, and susceptible loci have been identified in chromosomal regions associated with atherosclerosis, it is the epigenetic process that regulates the chromosomal organization and genetic expression that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Despite the positive progress made in understanding the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the knowledge about the disease remains scarce.

Keywords: Endothelium, endothelial dysfunction, molecular, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, systematic artery disease.

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