摘要
癌症仍然是世界范围内主要的死亡原因,而大多数化学疗法会诱发非选择性毒性和严重的全身性副作用。为了解决这些问题,靶向纳米科学是一个有望使癌症患者受益的新兴领域。金纳米颗粒由于其许多公认的优势而成为当今的关注焦点。通过不断发展的一系列方法,包括化学,物理或生态友好的生物方法,可以轻松合成各种形状和大小的金纳米颗粒。这篇综述介绍了金纳米颗粒作为多功能治疗剂,可发挥多种作用,例如靶向递送系统(抗癌剂,核酸,生物蛋白,疫苗),治疗学和光热疗法中的药物。还概述了它们,以在生物成像领域(例如放射治疗,磁共振血管造影和光声成像)中做出巨大贡献。然而,金纳米颗粒是治疗剂,其证明其对多种细胞系,例如人宫颈,人乳腺,人肺,人前列腺和鼠类黑色素瘤癌细胞具有体外抗血管生成,抗增殖和促凋亡作用。体内研究指出了有关金纳米颗粒的生物蓄积性和细胞毒性的数据,但人们强调,大小,剂量,表面电荷,性别,尤其是给药途径是非常重要的变量。
关键词: 金纳米颗粒,靶向递送,治疗治疗,癌症治疗,磁共振血管造影,光声成像。
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