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Review Article

纳米载体：增加天然成分的溶解度，稳定性和优化生物功效的成功工具

卷 26, 期 24, 2019

页: [4631 - 4656] 页: 26

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666181101110050

价格: $65

摘要

天然产物因其令人兴奋的结构可变性以及与各种靶标的相互作用而在药物开发中引人入胜。 药物的多目标作用代表了一种针对多种疾病开发成功药物的更现实的方法。 但是，除了大量成功的体外和体内研究以外，大多数临床试验都失败了。 这通常与天然化合物稀少的水溶性，低亲脂性和不适当的分子大小有关，这些天然化合物在生物环境中会发生结构不稳定，快速清除和高代谢率。 另外，口服给药时，某些分子在胃液中被破坏或在肝脏中发生大量的全身前代谢，从而限制了它们的临床应用。 生物利用度降低还可能与药物在非靶向组织和器官中的分布/积累有关，从而增加了副作用，从而降低了治疗效果和患者依从性。 纳米医学代表增加天然产品的生物利用度和活性的有利工具。 通常，纳米载体提供大的表面积并且可以克服解剖学障碍。 每个纳米载体都有其自身的优点，缺点和特征。 在这篇综述中，报道了由化合物制成的不同的纳米载体，这些化合物通常被认为可以安全地运送天然产品，并作为食品补充剂和药品销售。

关键词: 天然产物，低生物利用度，较差的稳定性，基于脂质和聚合物的纳米颗粒，改善的口服生物功效，被动和主动靶向，穿越障碍。

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