摘要
干扰素λ(IFN-λ)染色体区域内的遗传多态性(主要是IFN-λ4基因(IFNL4)的rs12979860)被称为与自发性丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的分解以及对聚乙二醇化干扰素α和 利巴韦林。 IFNL4 rs12979860与IFNL4 rs368234815的强烈连锁不平衡,随即与HCV自发和治疗的根除相关,至少部分解释了rs12979860主要纯合子对HCV有利的结果。 基于IFN的抗病毒治疗的效果与IFN-λ1受体的预处理表达,肝IFN刺激基因的表达,IFN-λ4的产生以及JAK-STAT信号的预激活有关。 如今,直接作用抗病毒药(DAA)已成为治疗丙型肝炎的有效工具,但仍在研究IFN-λs作为潜在的抗病毒药,并且可能是HCV感染的一种选择(DAA耐药性,复发性病毒血症,不良反应)。 免疫能力改变的患者特别容易感染。 在尿毒症患者中,与非尿毒症人群类似,IFN-λ染色体区域内的多态性与自发HCV清除率相关。 循环中的IFN-λ3与针对乙型肝炎病毒(anti-HBs)的表面抗原的抗体的血浆滴度呈正相关,这对于预防乙型肝炎病毒至关重要。 由于IFN-λ3诱导的吲哚胺2,3-二加氧酶(IDO)表达的调节,在更高的IFN-λ3水平下可能会产生更有效的抗HBs。 IFN刺激的应答元件是IDO基因启动子的一部分。 值得进一步研究IDO基因,循环IDO,IFN-λ区域内的遗传多态性和循环IFN-λ3是否在对肝病毒的免疫应答中起协调作用。
关键词: 抗病毒药,乙型肝炎病毒,丙型肝炎病毒,IFNL3,IFNL4,免疫能力,干扰素-λ3,疫苗接种
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