A Perspective on Stem Cells as Biological Systems that Produce Differentiated Osteoblasts and Odontoblasts

Title:A Perspective on Stem Cells as Biological Systems that Produce Differentiated Osteoblasts and Odontoblasts

Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Author(s): Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin, Thanaletchumi Manogaran, Intan Zarina Zainol Abidin, Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab and Sahidan Senafi

Affiliation:

Keywords: Stem cells, differentiation, osteoblasts, odontoblasts, genomic, proteomics.

Abstract: Stem cells (SCs) are capable of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) which can be obtained from multiple sources, are suitable for application in regenerative medicine and transplant therapy. The aim of this review is to evaluate the potential of genomic and proteomic profiling analysis to identify the differentiation of MSCs and HSCs towards osteoblast and odontoblast lineages. In vitro differentiation towards both of these lineages can be induced using similar differentiation factors. Gene profiling cannot be utilised to confirm the lineages of these two types of differentiated cells. Differentiated cells of both lineages express most of the same markers. Most researchers have detected the expression of genes such as ALP, OCN, OPN, BMP2 and RUNX2 in osteoblasts and the expression of the DSPP gene in odontoblasts. Based on their cell-type specific protein profiles, various proteins are differentially expressed by osteoblasts and odontoblasts, except for vimentin and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C, which are expressed in both cell types, and LOXL2 protein, which is expressed only in odontoblasts.

Cite this article as:

Ariffin Hisham Zainal Shahrul, Manogaran Thanaletchumi, Abidin Zarina Zainol Intan, Wahab Megat Abdul Rohaya and Senafi Sahidan, A Perspective on Stem Cells as Biological Systems that Produce Differentiated Osteoblasts and Odontoblasts, Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2017; 12 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888X11666161026145149