关于细菌碳酸酐酶抑制剂的选择性和有效性的综述

Title:An Overview of the Selectivity and Efficiency of the Bacterial Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

Volume: 22 Issue: 18

Author(s): C. Capasso and C.T. Supuran

Affiliation:

关键词: 阳离子，抗菌剂，抗感染药，碳酸酐酶，CA抑制剂，水合酶活性，病原体，选择性抑制剂，磺胺类药，X射线

摘要: The possibility to develop new antibacterial agents raised much interest recently. The main classes of antibiotics clinically used nowadays act towards the inhibition of four classical targets: a) cell wall biosynthesis; b) protein biosynthesis; c) DNA and RNA biosynthesis; d) folate biosynthesis. Recently, carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) started to be investigated in detail in pathogenic bacteria, in the search for antibiotics with a novel mechanism of action, since it has been demonstrated that in many bacteria, CAs are essential for the life cycle of the organism and that their inhibition leads to growth impairment or growth defects of the pathogen. CAs catalyze a simple but physiologically relevant reaction in all life kingdoms, carbon dioxide hydration to bicarbonate and protons. Several classes of CA inhibitors (CAIs) are known to date: the metal complexing anions and the unsubstituted sulfonamides, which bind to the Zn(II) ion of the enzyme either by substituting the non-protein zinc ligand or add to the metal coordination sphere, generating trigonal– bipyramidal species are the classical, most frequently investigated ones. In many cases effective inhibitors were detected, some of which also inhibited the bacterial growth in vivo. However, very few of the detected inhibitors were also selective for the bacterial over the human, off target isoforms such as hCA II. Using structure-based drug design processes, we estimate that it will be possible to achieve the desired selectivity for inhibiting preferentially the bacterial but not the host CA isoforms.

Cite this article as:

C. Capasso and C.T. Supuran , An Overview of the Selectivity and Efficiency of the Bacterial Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666141012174921