Cellular Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Cell Death

Title:Cellular Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Cell Death

Volume: 18 Issue: 38

Author(s): Armin Schubert and Logan Emory

Affiliation:

Keywords: Hypoxic brain injury, aroxic brain injury, calcium-dependent cell death excitotoxicity, apoptosis, oxygen radicals, inflammatory response, IHAST trial, aneurysm surgery, cerebral vasospasan, re-bleeding, traumatic brain injury, hypothermin, cognitive dysfunction preconditioning

Abstract: An array of clinical events may lead to perioperative neurological injury. We first review the general cellular mechanisms leading to brain tissue injury and death. The genesis and mechanisms of injury after cerebral aneurysm surgery, traumatic brain injury, postoperative vascular insult in patients with severe cerebrovascular disease are discussed, as are strategies for prevention and treatment. More has become known about the epidemiology, risk factors and potential preventive strategies in postoperative delirium, and, to a lesser extent, postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Finally, emerging concepts in clinical brain protection are discussed, including preconditioning, gene therapy and stem cells.

Cite this article as:

Schubert Armin and Emory Logan, Cellular Mechanisms of Brain Injury and Cell Death, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (38) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803832425