Immobilisation of Cardosin A in Chitosan Sponges as a Novel Implant for Drug Delivery

Anabela   O.   Pereira; Daniel   J.   Cartucho; Ana   S.   Duarte; Maria   H.   Gil; Antonio   M.S.   Cabrita; Joao   A.   Patricio; Marlene   M.T.   Barros

doi:10.2174/157016305775202973

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to design a chitosan based drug delivery system containing a new enzyme, cardosin A, which could hydrolyse interstitial collagens. Cardosin A is extracted from the pistils of the plant Cynara cardunculus L. and chitosan is a polysaccharide derived from chitin with valuable properties as a biomaterial. In this work we report our experiments on the synthesis of chitosan sponges and immobilisation of cardosin A, by entrapment. We observed that 10-15% of the incorporated cardosin A were released over 6 days of incubation. In addition, we could also note that this immobilisation procedure did not induce any specificity alterations on cardosin A. The specificity study of the enzyme, using β-chain of oxidised insulin, showed that the immobilised and released enzymes have the same hydrolysis pattern as the free enzyme. The ability of this enzyme to hydrolyse type I collagen was maintained, after the immobilisation procedure. The biocompatibility in vivo of these sponges was evaluated by histological staining after implantation in rats submitted to abdominal surgery. Results of this study demonstrated that these chitosan sponges are very promising vehicles for the application of cardosin A, in abdominal cavity for prevention and reduction of the adhesions formation.

Keywords: Cardosin A, immobilisation, chitosan, adhesions, fibrosis