Abstract
Luteolin, a flavonoid, has gained attention for its anti-obesity benefits. Luteolin has been shown to regulate multiple aspects of adipose tissue biology, including adipocyte differentiation and adipokine secretion. It prevents the formation of adipocytes by interfering with the expression of important transcription factors, such as PPAR-γ and C/EBP-β. Furthermore, luteolin possesses anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory adipokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6. These actions help to reduce the persistent low-grade inflammation associated with obesity, which eventually improves metabolic health. It increases the production of adiponectin, an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This change in the adipokine level may result in metabolic benefits in obese persons. Additionally, the antioxidant activities of luteolin shield adipocytes from oxidative stress, preserving their function and contributing to overall metabolic equilibrium. This study provides scientific evidence supporting luteolin as an anti-obesity agent in depth, focusing on its mechanisms of action, experimental studies, pharmaceutical formulation studies, and other reported clinical evidence.
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