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Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5206
ISSN (Online): 1875-5992

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Research Article

PHD-BAH Domain in ASH1L Could Recognize H3K4 Methylation and Regulate the Malignant Behavior of Cholangio Carcinoma

In Press, (this is not the final "Version of Record"). Available online 18 July, 2024
Author(s): Xiang-Yu Zhang* and Yue Li
Published on: 18 July, 2024

DOI: 10.2174/0118715206312004240712072532

Price: $95

Abstract

Background: Histone methyltransferase absent, small, or homeotic discs1-like (ASH1L) is composed of su(var)3-9, enhancer of zeste, trithorax (SET) domain, pleckstrin homology domain (PHD) domain, middle (MID) domain, and bromo adjacent homology (BAH) domain. The SET domain of ASH1L is known to mediate mediate H3K36 dimethylation (H3K36me2) modification. However, the specific functions of the PHD-BAH domain remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to explore the biological function of the PHD-BAH domain in ASH1L.

Methods: We employed a range of techniques, including a prokaryotic fusion protein expression purification system, pull-down assay, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sitedirected mutagenesis, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR-Cas9) gene editing, cell culture experiment, western blot, cell proliferation assay, and cell apoptosis test.

Results: The PHD-BAH domain in ASH1L preferentially binds to the H3K4me2 peptide over H3K4 monomethylation (H3K4me1) and H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) peptide. Notably, the W2603A mutation within the PHD-BAH domain could disrupt the interaction with H3K4me2 in vitro. Compared with wild-type Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) cells, deletion of the PHD-BAH domain in ASH1L led to increased CHOL cell apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation (P < 0.001). Additionally, the W2603A mutation affected the regulation of the proteasome 20S subunit beta (PSMB) family gene set.

Conclusion: W2603A mutation was crucial for the interaction between the PHD-BAH domain and the H3K4me2 peptide. ASH1L regulated CHOL cell survival and proliferation through its PHD-BAH domain by modulating the expression of the PSMB family gene set.

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