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Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5206
ISSN (Online): 1875-5992

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Research Article

Molecular Actions of Enicostemma hyssopifolium Whole Plant Extract on HPV18-Infected Human Cervical Cancer (HeLa) Cells

In Press, (this is not the final "Version of Record"). Available online 05 July, 2024
Author(s): Komal Parameshwarappa Koralahalli, Sardar Hussain, David Wilson Devarajan, Siddikuzzaman and Berlin Grace Viswanathan Mariammal*
Published on: 05 July, 2024

DOI: 10.2174/0118715206296375240703115848

Price: $95

Abstract

Objective: Enicostemma hyssopifolium (E. hyssopifolium) contains several bioactive compounds with anti-cancer activities. This study was performed to investigate the molecular effects of E. hyssopifolium on HPV18-containing HeLa cells.

Methods: The methanol extract of E. hyssopifolium whole plant was tested for cytotoxicity by MTT assay. A lower and higher dose (80 and 160 μg/mL) to IC50 were analyzed for colonization inhibition (Clonogenic assay), cell cycle arrest (FACS analysis), and induction of apoptosis (AO/EtBr staining fluorescent microscopy and FACS analysis) and DNA fragmentation (comet assay). The HPV 18 E6 gene expression in treated cells was analyzed using RT-PCR and qPCR.

Results: A significant dose-dependent anti-proliferative activity (IC50 - 108.25±2 μg/mL) and inhibition of colony formation cell line were observed using both treatments. Treatment with 80 μg/mL of extract was found to result in a higher percent of cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and G2M phases with more early apoptosis, while 160 μg/mL resulted in more cell cycle arrest at SUBG0 and S phases with late apoptosis for control. The comet assay also demonstrated a highly significant increase in DNA fragmentation after treatment with 160 μg/mL of extract (tail moments-19.536 ± 17.8), while 80 μg/mL of extract treatment showed non-significant tail moment (8.152 ± 13.0) compared to control (8.038 ± 12.0). The RT-PCR and qPCR results showed a significant reduction in the expression of the HPV18 E6 gene in HeLa cells treated with 160 μg/mL of extract, while 80 μg/mL did not show a significant reduction.

Conclusion: The 160 μg/mL methanol extract of E. hyssopifolium demonstrated highly significant anti-cancer molecular effects in HeLa cells.

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