Screening Analysis of Predictive Markers for Cytokine Release Syndrome Risk in CAR-T Cell Therapy

Title:Screening Analysis of Predictive Markers for Cytokine Release Syndrome Risk in CAR-T Cell Therapy

Volume: 19

Author(s): Jiayu Xu*, Chengkui Zhao, Zhenyu Wei, Weixin Xie, Qi Cheng, Min Zhang, Shuangze Han, Liqing Kang, Nan Xu, Lei Yu and Weixing Feng

Affiliation:

• Institute of Intelligent System and Bioinformatics, College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

Abstract: Background: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a highly effective treatment for hematological tumors. However, the associated adverse reaction, Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS), poses a significant challenge. While numerous studies have investigated CRS biomarkers during CAR-T cell therapy, the ability to predict CRS risk prior to treatment initiation remains a crucial yet underexplored aspect.

Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to address the issue of limited data, explore an alternative approach using public data to identify predictive markers for CRS risk assessment from RNA-Seq in pre-treatment patients data, and comprehend the inducible mechanisms underlying CRS.

Methods: We integrated information from two public databases, the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for adverse reaction reports of CAR-T cell therapy and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for RNA-Seq data on corresponding hematological tumors. Candidate genes were screened by correlation analysis between Reported Odds Ratio (ROR) values and RNA-Seq gene expression levels, and then core factors were identified through stepwise analysis of pathway enrichment, cluster analysis, and protein interactions.

Results: Our analysis highlighted the correlation between CRS risk and pre-treatment T cell activation/ proliferation, identifying key genes (IFN-γ, IL1β, IL2, IL6, and IL10) as significant CRS indicators.

Conclusion: This study offers a unique perspective on predicting CRS risk before CAR-T cell therapy, circumventing the challenges of scarce clinical data by leveraging analysis of public databases. It elucidates the crucial role of T cell activation/proliferation dynamics in CRS. The analytical methods and identified markers provide a reference for the research and clinical application of CAR-T cell therapy.

Cite this article as:

Xu Jiayu*, Zhao Chengkui, Wei Zhenyu, Xie Weixin, Cheng Qi, Zhang Min, Han Shuangze, Kang Liqing, Xu Nan, Yu Lei and Feng Weixing, Screening Analysis of Predictive Markers for Cytokine Release Syndrome Risk in CAR-T Cell Therapy, Current Bioinformatics 2024; 19 () . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0115748936295986240619162816

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0115748936295986240619162816	Print ISSN 1574-8936
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 2212-392X