Abstract
Background: A key concern in tissue engineering for bone regeneration is the fabrication of scaffolding so that it serves as a template for cell interactions and the formation of bone’s extracellular matrix to provide structural support to the newly formed tissue.
Objective: In the current study, different amounts of citric acid from 65 to 85 (vol%), including different particle sizes (between 250-700 μm), were used as a porogen to fabricate porous biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds.
Methods: The scaffolds were prepared under different pressures of 150-250 MPa followed by sintering at various temperatures of 1100-1300°C. The compressive strength, total porosity, volume shrinkage, phase composition, and microstructure of the samples were evaluated.
Results: Scaffolds with a macropore size of 100-500 μm were produced by citric acid porogen. The compressive strength varied using different ranges of porogen particle size (containing the same porogen content) as well as concentration. The results showed that the compressive strength decreased when the applied pressure increased from 150 to 250 MPa and a higher amount of porogen was used. The maximum value of compressive strength was ~13.9MPa, for the sample sintered at 1200°C and had a total porosity of ~55.3%.
Conclusion: This kind of porous biphasic calcium phosphate can exhibit an appropriate ability to be used as a bone substitute due to its physico-mechanical outcomes and approved bioactive structure.
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