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Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery

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ISSN (Online): 2772-2716

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Research Article

Immunoinformatic Analysis of Leishmania Major gp46 Protein and Potential Targets for Vaccination against Leishmaniasis

In Press, (this is not the final "Version of Record"). Available online 02 February, 2024
Author(s): Mohammad Reza Hafezi Ahmadi, Mina Mamizadeh, Davood Siamian, Mehdi Ali Asghari Touyeh, Morteza Shams* and Yasaman Rashidi
Published on: 02 February, 2024

DOI: 10.2174/0127722708283588240124095057

Price: $95

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease with a significant burden in the Old World countries.

Objective: In the current study, some of the primary biochemical properties and IFN-γ inducing epitopes with specific binding capacity to human and mouse MHC alleles were predicted for Leishmania major gp46 antigenic protein.

Methods: Several online servers were used to predict physico-chemical traits, allergenicity, antigenicity, transmembrane domain and signal peptide, subcellular localization, post-translational modifications (PTMs), secondary and tertiary structures, tertiary model refining with validations. Also, IEDB web server was used to predict mouse/human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T-lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes.

Results: The 33.25 kDa protein was stable, hydrophilic, antigenic, while non-allergenic, with enhanced thermotolerance and 45 PTM sites. The secondary structure encompassed a random coil, followed by extended strands and helices. Ramachandran-based analysis of the refined model showed 73.1%, 21.6%, 3.4% and 1.9% of residues in the most favored, additional allowed, generously-allowed and disallowed regions, respectively. Epitope screening demonstrated 4 HTL epitopes against seemingly protective HLA alleles, 5 HTL epitopes against the HLA reference set, 3 human CTL epitopes and a number of mouse MHC-restricted epitopes.

Conclusion: This paper provides insights into the bioinformatics characteristics of the L. major gp46 protein as a promising vaccine candidate.

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