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Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening

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ISSN (Print): 1386-2073
ISSN (Online): 1875-5402

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Research Article

Metformin Preserves Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic β-cells through FGF21/Akt Pathway In vitro and In vivo

Author(s): Jianting Li, Qiang Jiang, Xin Wang, Lulu Hou, Lulu Wang, Kai Lou and Shuguang Pang*

Volume 27, Issue 18, 2024

Published on: 19 October, 2023

Page: [2691 - 2698] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/0113862073246747230920170201

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: In our previous studies, it was found that metformin can elevate the expression of FGF21 in the peripheral blood of type 2 diabetic rats and improve insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. However, whether this effect is mediated by increased FGF21 expression in pancreatic islet β-cells is still unknown. Therefore, this study focuses on the effect of metformin on insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells.

Aims: Metformin can effectivly improve insulin resistance. Metformin influencing pancreatic β- cell function is inclusive. In this study, we sought to analyze possible variations in insulin secretion and possible signaling mechanisms after metformin intervention.

Methods: The study employed an in vivo model of a high-fat diet in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats and an in vitro model of rat pancreatic β-cells (INS-1 cells) that were subjected to damage caused by hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. After treating INS-1 cells in normal, high-glucose, and high-glucose+metformin, we measured insulin secretion by glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Insulin was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FGF21 expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, as well as that p-Akt and t-Akt expression were detected by Western blot in INS-1 cells and diabetic rat islets. Finally, to verify the regulation of the FGF21 /Akt axis in metformin administration, additional experiments were carried out in metformin-stimulated INS-1 cells.

Results: High-glucose could significantly stimulate insulin secretion while metformin preserved insulin secretion. Expression of FGF21 and p-Akt was decreased in high-glucose, however, metformin could reverse this effect in INS-1 cells and diabetic rat islets.

Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a protective role of metformin in preserving insulin secretion through FGF21/Akt signaling in T2DM.

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