Generic placeholder image

Recent Patents on Biotechnology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1872-2083
ISSN (Online): 2212-4012

Review Article

Intellectual Property Rights: Protection of Biotechnological Inventions in India

Author(s): Virendra Gomase*, Kiran Kemkar and Vaishali Potnis

Volume 18, Issue 2, 2024

Published on: 22 June, 2023

Page: [128 - 143] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/1872208317666230612145600

Price: $65

Abstract

The current Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) framework supports the commercialization of seed improvement, monoculture, and the patent protection of novel plant varieties, microorganisms, and genetically modified animals. As a consequence, our rich biogenetic diversity is irreversibly dissipating. However, we need to figure out how to create a methodology for elective choices that will achieve harmony between the official Intellectual Property (IP) structure and maintainable biodiversity components. The majority of the biotechnology sector's programmes in India are managed by the Department of Biotechnology. It is under the Ministry of Science and Technology. Its goals are to provide services in the fields of study, infrastructure, human resource development, biotechnology popularisation, industry promotion, and establishment of centres of excellence. Implementation of practise biosafety regulations for genetically modified organisms, recombinant DNA products, and programmes is based on biotechnology for the good of society. This creates an information network for India's bioinformatics mission in the local, national, and worldwide scientific community.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Ahuja VK. Law Relating To Intellectual Property Rights. (3rd ed.), New York: Lexis-Nexis 2017.
[2]
Mills O. Biotechnological inventions: Moral restraints and patent law. (1st ed.), New York: Routledge 2016.
[3]
Ramakrishna T. Invention in biotechnology and intellectual property rights law: Can India catch the bus. Innovation 3rd ed 2008.
[4]
Chauhan AK, Varma A. A Textbook of Molecular Biotechnology. (1st ed.), Delhi: I.K International Pvt. Ltd. 2009.
[5]
Jayprakash K. Intellectual property rights- role in biotechnology. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2016; 3: 39-43.
[6]
Archana K. Do we need patent protection to biotechnology inventions? Int J Sci ResPub 2013; 3(4): 1-5.
[7]
Melendez-Ortiz R, Sanchez V. Trading in genes: Development perspectives on biotechnology, trade and sustainability, 141. USA: Earthscan 2005.
[8]
Guidelines For Examination of Biotechnology Applications for Patent 2023. Available From: https://ipindia.gov.in/writereaddata/Portal/IPOGuidelinesManuals/1_38_1_4-biotech-guidelines.pdf
[9]
Wuger D, Cottier T. Genetic engineering and the world trade system, 78. UK: Cambridge University Press 2008.
[10]
Bainbridge DI. Intellectual property. (10th ed.), UK: Pearson Publication 2019.
[11]
Solanki RS, Rathi A. Biotechnology and intellectual property rights: Challenges and problems facing by the developing nations. Int J Creat Res Thoughts 2021; 9(8): b376-87.
[12]
Evenson RE, Terri R. Political Economy of Genetically Modified Organisms, 221. Glasglow, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing 2007.
[14]
[15]
The Budapest Treaty 1977. Available From: https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/budapest/
[17]
Report of the Technical Expert Group on Patent Law Issues. 2023.https://ipindia.gov.in/writeread-data/images/pdf/report-of-technical-expert-group.pdf
[18]
Evenson RE, Terri R. Political economy of genetically modified organisms 221. Glasglow, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing 2007.
[19]
Arnold BE, Ogielska-Zei E. Patenting genes and genetic research: Good or bad for innovation? Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2002; 3(1): 415-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genom.3.032102.170635] [PMID: 12142363]
[20]
Kowalski SP, Ebora RV, Kryder RD, Potter RH. Transgenic crops, biotechnology and ownership rights: What scientists need to know. Plant J 2002; 31(4): 407-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.2002.01367.x] [PMID: 12182700]
[21]
Cohen JI, Paarlberg R. Explaining restricted approval and availability of GM crops in developing countries. Ag Biotech Net 2002; 4: 1-6.
[22]
Universal Copyright Convention 1952.
[23]
Paris convention for the protection of industrial property. 1883. Available From: https://www. wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/
[24]
The Biological Diversity Act 2002; 1977. Available From: https://www.indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2046/1/200318.pdf
[25]
Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) 1994.
[27]
The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). 1998. Available From: https://www.upov.int/portal/index.html.en
[28]
Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL). 2023. Available From: http://www.tkdl.res.in/tkdl/langdefault/common/Abouttkdl.asp?GL=Eng
[29]
International treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. 1945. Available From: https://www.fao.org/plant-treaty/en/
[30]
ITPGRFA. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. 2023. Available From: https://pib.gov. in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1859894
[31]
Sibi G. Intellectual Property Rights, Bioethics, Biosafety and Entrepreneurship in Biotechnology. (1st ed.), New Delhi: I K International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 2020.
[32]
Patent Law Treaty (PLT) 2000. Available From: https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/plt/
[33]
Trademark Law Treaty (TLT) 1994. Available From: https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/tlt/
[34]
Gaur PK. Applications of Biotechnology in Agriculture. England: Oxford Book Company 2011.
[35]
Genetically Modified organism (GMO). 2023. Available From: https://www.genome.gov/ genetics-glossary/Genetically-Modified-Organism
[36]
Phillips T. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs): Transgenic crops and recombinant DNA technology. Nature Education 2008; 1(1): 213.
[37]
Jouzani GS, Valijanian E, Sharafi R. Bacillus thuringiensis: A successful insecticide with new environmental features and tidings. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101(7): 2691-711.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8175-y] [PMID: 28235989]
[38]
Gomase V, Tagore S. RNAi--a tool for target finding in new drug development. Curr Drug Metab 2008; 9(3): 241-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920008783884777] [PMID: 18336228]
[39]
Gomase V, Chitlange N, Changbhale S, Kale K. Prediction of Brugia malayi antigenic peptides: Candidates for synthetic vaccine design against lymphatic filariasis. Protein Pept Lett 2013; 20(8): 864-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866511320080004] [PMID: 23537185]
[40]
Gomase V, Kale K, Tagore S, Hatture S. Proteomics: Technologies for protein analysis. Curr Drug Metab 2008; 9(3): 213-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920008783884740] [PMID: 18336224]
[41]
Vajo Z, Duckworth WC. Genetically engineered insulin analogs: Diabetes in the new millenium. Pharmacol Rev 2000; 52(1): 1-9.
[PMID: 10699152]
[42]
Bagley J, Paez-Cortez J, Tian C, Iacomini J. Gene therapy in type 1 diabetes. Crit Rev Immunol 2008; 28(4): 301-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.v28.i4.30] [PMID: 19166382]
[43]
(a) Blaese RM. What is the status of gene therapy for primary immunodeficiency? Immunol Res 2007; 38(1-3): 274-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12026-007-0009-z] [PMID: 17917032];
(b) Taveras A, Zmajkovicova K, Nguyen C. Methods for treating primary immunodeficiency Patent WO2023107689A1,, 2023.
[44]
Verhasselt B, De Smedt M, Verhelst R, Naessens E, Plum J. Retrovirally transduced CD34++ human cord blood cells generate T cells expressing high levels of the retroviral encoded green fluorescent protein marker in vitro. Blood 1998; 91(2): 431-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.V91.2.431] [PMID: 9427695]
[45]
Buckingham L. Molecular Diagnostics: Fundamentals, Methods and Clinical Applications Philadelphia. F.A. Davis Company 2019.
[46]
Hahn YK, Paris JJ, Lichtman AH, et al. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 92(Pt B): 124-36.
[47]
Stevens SJC, Smits PHM, Verkuijlen SAWM, et al. Aberrant Epstein–Barr virus persistence in HIV carriers is characterized by anti-Epstein–Barr virus IgA and high cellular viral loads with restricted transcription. AIDS 2007; 21(16): 2141-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e3282eeeba0] [PMID: 18090040]
[48]
Lane-Reticker SK, Kessler EA, Muscato AJ, et al. Protocol for in vivo CRISPR screening using selective CRISPR antigen removal lentiviral vectors. STAR Protocols 2023; 4(1): 102082.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102082] [PMID: 36861834]
[49]
Murray JD. Transgenic Animals. Agriculture. New Delhi: New India Publishing Agency 2005.
[50]
Pinkert CA. Introduction to transgenic animal technology Transgenic Animal Technology. Massachusetts.: Academic Press 2002.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-057480-6.50005-8]
[51]
Bhatia S. Transgenic animals in biotechnology. England: IOP Publishing Ltd. 2018.
[52]
Halford N. Plant biotechnology: Current and future applications of genetically modified crops. New Jersey: John Wiley 2015.
[53]
Ahmad HI, Du X, Majeed M. Genomics and biotechnology for livestock production. Massachusetts: Academic Press 2022.
[54]
Mohapatra PK. Textbook of Environmental Biotechnology. New Delhi: I. K. International Pvt Ltd. 2013.
[55]
Kumar P, Kumar V. Textbook of Environmental Biotechnology. New Delhi: Woodhead Publishing India Pvt. Ltd. 2018.
[56]
Afzal H, Zahid K, Ali Q, et al. Role of biotechnology in improving human health. J Mol Biomark Diagn 2016; 7(6): 309.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000309]
[57]
[58]
Biosafety Research programme 2023. Available From: https://dbtindia.gov.in/regulations-guidelines/regulations/biosafety-programme
[59]
DNA Technology (Use and Application) RegulationBill. 2019. Available From: https://dbtindia.gov.in/regulations-guidelines/regulations/biosafety-programme
[60]
The Patent (Amendment) Act 2005.
[61]
WIPO statistics database 2023. Available From: https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_2000_2022/in.pdf
[62]
Gomase V, Tagore S, Changbhale S, Kale K. Pharmacogenomics. Curr Drug Metab 2008; 9(3): 207-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920008783884830] [PMID: 18336223]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy