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General Review Article

CRISPR介导的表观基因组编辑:癌症治疗管理的未来指示

卷 23, 期 8, 2022

发表于: 14 February, 2022

页: [836 - 853] 页: 18

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450123666220117105531

价格: $65

摘要

最近的研究已经阐明了表观遗传标记在某些疾病中的作用，如癌症、2型糖尿病(T2DM)、肥胖和心血管功能障碍等。表观遗传标记如DNA甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化在疾病状态中被随机改变。DNA和组蛋白的甲基化可导致基因表达下调，而组蛋白乙酰化、泛素化和磷酸化则与基因表达增强有关。我们如何精确地针对这种表观遗传畸变来防止疾病的出现?答案在于高效的基因组编辑技术CRISPR与某些效应分子的融合，这些效应分子可以改变表观遗传标记的状态，并使用某些转录激活因子或抑制因子。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了表观遗传编辑作为一种治疗策略的基本原理，以及CRISPR-Cas9技术结合表观遗传效应标识如何有效地编辑表观遗传目标。在后面的部分中，我们讨论了如何用dCas9标记某些表观遗传效应因子，从而引发癌症的表观遗传变化。随着技术的突破，人们对探索癌症和非传染性疾病(如II型糖尿病和肥胖)的表观遗传背景越来越感兴趣，这使得进行大规模的表观基因组研究成为可能。

关键词: 表观遗传学，CRISPR, dCas9，表观效应，表观遗传标记，DeepCRISPR，组蛋白修饰，DNA甲基化。

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