摘要
MicroRNAs (miRNAs)和长链非编码RNAs (long non-coding RNAs, lncRNAs)能够在转录后调控基因表达。考虑到最近利用非编码RNAs (non-coding, ncRNAs)作为癌症治疗的趋势,miRNAs和lncRNAs作为生物标志物和新的治疗药物对抗血管生成是一个重要的科学方面。据估计,70%的基因组被转录,其中只有2%编码已知的蛋白质编码基因。长链非编码RNAs (Long non - coding RNAs, lncRNAs)是一种长度为> 200个核苷酸且不翻译成蛋白质,具有极其重要的意义,它在时间、空间和细胞环境依赖性方面对基因的表达起着至关重要的作用。血管生成是发育过程中器官形态发生和生长的重要过程,与成人损伤组织的修复有关。它由促血管生成和抗血管生成的平衡因素协调;然而,一旦受到影响,它会引发多种疾病,包括乳腺癌。这里涉及的信号通路是一个严格控制的系统,它可以调节细胞分化所需的基因表达的适当时间,这对组织的正常发育至关重要。最近,科学报告表明,ncRNAs,如miRNAs和lncRNAs,在乳腺癌相关血管生成中发挥关键作用。本文着重阐述了各种miRNAs和lncRNAs在乳腺癌血管生成调控中的具体作用,并从分子医学的角度重点关注这些ncRNAs调控的下游靶点和信号通路。
关键词: 血管生成,lncRNAs, MicroRNA,形态发生,分子医学,内皮细胞。
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