Abstract
Background: Dye removal from effluents is one of the major problems faced in the world. It is a very important environmental issue and it is crucial to solve this problem. In this sense, ZIFs are increasingly becoming important in the environmental area.
Objective: This work presents the synthesis of metalorganic framework Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework- 8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles, characterization, and then determines the potential to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) from an aqueous solution.
Methods: ZIF-8 was synthesized under solvothermal treatment at 25°C and it was characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. To evaluate the capacity of the RhB, pH-influence and kinetic studies were carried out. The pseudo first- and second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data, and the rate constants were evaluated.
Results: ZIF-8 had an average particle size of 47 ± 4.6 nm. The removal percentage increased significantly when the pH was in the range of 7.0-9.0. A pseudo-second-order kinetic of 13.00 mg/g was found for the RhB removal. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was found to be 11.8 mg/g.
Conclusion: According to the characterization results, the ZIF-8 synthesis was effective and produced a crystalline material. The ZIF-8 presented an affinity to the RhB dye. A pseudo-second- order kinetic model represented well the mechanism of interaction involved during RhB adsorption and ZIF-8.
Keywords: Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8, nanoparticles, solvothermal synthesis, dye removal, Rhodamine B, adsorption, waste water.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.06.060]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143006X111727] [PMID: 17489269]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcm.10056] [PMID: 12616621]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.06.067] [PMID: 21798549]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.08.131]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.260]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4RA15637D]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200300610] [PMID: 15114565]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602439103] [PMID: 16798880]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.09.046] [PMID: 25305363]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201500761]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2015.02.094]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0cc05002d] [PMID: 21206942]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2dt30174a] [PMID: 22406684]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm900166h]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm103571y]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am5028346] [PMID: 25109746]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2018.10.027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6RA23870J]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2016.07.039]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc43028f] [PMID: 23715385]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.009]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr5002589] [PMID: 25264821]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.12.040]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.073] [PMID: 28753488]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac198557040603]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c002088e] [PMID: 20585703]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.047] [PMID: 24726184]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.104] [PMID: 21168268]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.11.005]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.04.132]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593331608616321]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00306-7] [PMID: 11228955]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593332208618296] [PMID: 11349379]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00358-8] [PMID: 12628789]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/095758298529326]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.195] [PMID: 31254578]