Gender Differences in Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

Title:Gender Differences in Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

Volume: 27 Issue: 29

Author(s): Maria Bergami, Marialuisa Scarpone, Edina Cenko, Elisa Varotti, Peter L. Amaduzzi and Olivia Manfrini*

Affiliation:

• Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna,Italy

Keywords: Non-obstructive CAD, MINOCA, women, female sex, sex differences, gender differences, prognosis.

Abstract: Subjects affected by ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries constitute a population that has received increasing attention over the past two decades. Since the first studies with coronary angiography, female patients have been reported to have non-obstructive coronary artery disease more frequently than their male counterparts, both in stable and acute clinical settings. Although traditionally considered a relatively infrequent and low-risk form of myocardial ischemia, its impact on clinical practice is undeniable, especially when it comes to infarction, where the prognosis is not as benign as previously assumed. Unfortunately, despite increasing awareness, there are still several questions left unanswered regarding diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide state of the art update on the current evidence available on gender differences in clinical characteristics, management and prognosis of ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries, both in the acute and stable clinical settings.

Cite this article as:

Bergami Maria , Scarpone Marialuisa , Cenko Edina , Varotti Elisa , Amaduzzi L. Peter and Manfrini Olivia *, Gender Differences in Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2021; 27 (29) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666201012163845