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Review Article

3D肿瘤：用于改善纳米药物癌症治疗的体外复杂细胞模型

卷 27, 期 42, 2020

页: [7234 - 7255] 页: 22

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867327666200625151134

open access plus

摘要

纳米药物代表了重新改组用于癌症治疗的药物的新解决方案。通过将靶向药物的输送和成像结合在独特的平台中，它们可能会提供不同的治疗选择。这种纳米材料被认为可以克服目前可用治疗方法的局限性，从而最终改善患者的生活质量。然而，尽管做出了这些承诺已经超过了三十年，但基于纳米颗粒的疗法的临床反应效果欠佳，需要进行更深入的体内研究。在纳米药物的开发过程中，转化问题就很早就出现了，在这种情况下，复杂，更可靠的细胞模型通常被易于访问和方便的二维单培养所取代。在癌症治疗领域尤其如此。实际上，二维单一培养物无法提供有关纳米药物在复杂的活生物体中的实际影响的信息，尤其是在固体肿瘤微环境（TME）的模仿性较差的情况下。实体瘤的致密而复杂的细胞外基质（ECM）极大地限制了纳米颗粒的功效，从而损害了纳米药物在医疗应用中的成功实施。在此，我们提出了目前可用的3D细胞培养模型的全面指南，包括它们对纳米药物活性评估的潜力和局限性。先进的培养技术与TME的生理条件更为相似，可以更好地预测细胞与纳米颗粒之间的相互作用，最终有助于重新考虑将旧药物用于新用途。

关键词: 纳米药物，给药，纳米医学，肿瘤，三维体外细胞模型，生理条件。

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