Abstract
Eudragit® polymer has been widely used in film-coating for enhancing the quality of products over other materials (e.g., shellac or sugar). Eudragit® polymers are obtained synthetically from the esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid. For the last few years, they have shown immense potential in the formulations of conventional, pH-triggered, and novel drug delivery systems for incorporating a vast range of therapeutics including proteins, vitamins, hormones, vaccines, and genes. Different grades of Eudragit® have been used for designing and delivery of therapeutics at a specific site via the oral route, for instance, in stomach-specific delivery, intestinal delivery, colon-specific delivery, mucosal delivery. Further, these polymers have also shown their great aptitude in topical and ophthalmic delivery. Moreover, available literature evidences the promises of distinct Eudragit® polymers for efficient targeting of incorporated drugs to the site of interest. This review summarizes some potential researches that are being conducted by eminent scientists utilizing the distinct grades of Eudragit® polymers for efficient delivery of therapeutics at various sites of interest.
Keywords: Eudragit®, stomach-specific, colon-specific, ophthalmic, drug delivery, gene delivery.
Graphical Abstract
[PMID: 20566437]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.04.017] [PMID: 18583115]
[PMID: 11860220]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.10.006] [PMID: 23183445]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.07.047] [PMID: 20678560]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.11.048] [PMID: 18242020]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048609021800] [PMID: 3508191]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048609021799] [PMID: 3508190]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/PDT-100100541] [PMID: 10810756]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03383.x] [PMID: 3207553]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-014-0252-2] [PMID: 25591951]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mp4005723] [PMID: 24283196]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2011.1322] [PMID: 21870464]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.913733] [PMID: 24845476]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2014.953250] [PMID: 25180944]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00126-3] [PMID: 12711440]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-3659(85)90038-0]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.22967]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720109787846270] [PMID: 19450227]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639040802122944] [PMID: 18785044]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.076] [PMID: 23688467]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.01.010] [PMID: 22306699]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2012.665086] [PMID: 22783823]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.032] [PMID: 20971177]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.02.013] [PMID: 19281845]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S131253] [PMID: 28392691]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.898108] [PMID: 24670092]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00265] [PMID: 26394158]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2005.07.001] [PMID: 16198441]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015827908309] [PMID: 2395805]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2014.07.002] [PMID: 25019181]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2010.523425] [PMID: 20961263]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2011.3639] [PMID: 21780423]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.003] [PMID: 18490120]
[PMID: 25813568]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2015.1111233] [PMID: 26698089]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.01.048] [PMID: 26859118]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720181204150729125655] [PMID: 25924732]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.06.007] [PMID: 16095748]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720110790396436] [PMID: 20044907]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.12.046]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.048] [PMID: 24882038]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt070490] [PMID: 17233542]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.04.005] [PMID: 16759733]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40199-019-00285-0] [PMID: 31228127]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19051361] [PMID: 29734652]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2017.1326702] [PMID: 29491813]
[PMID: 24841190]
[PMID: 22615657]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-009-1126-0] [PMID: 19183885]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.001] [PMID: 24607218]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.010] [PMID: 25458788]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2017.1356503] [PMID: 28795862]
[PMID: 22125964]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2010.11.004] [PMID: 21070781]
[PMID: 26006768]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.07.081] [PMID: 26275840]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210303108666181120110756]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.903534] [PMID: 24758141]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1366338] [PMID: 28849671]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652048.2019.1665723] [PMID: 31495238]
[PMID: 26165247]
[PMID: 17207416]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.07.009] [PMID: 25014369]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2014.918666] [PMID: 24963957]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/340701] [PMID: 25093165]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10837450.2011.557732] [PMID: 21428704]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/458712] [PMID: 22792110]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S46613] [PMID: 23861585]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.009] [PMID: 18486369]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt0801012] [PMID: 17408212]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110411] [PMID: 31421404]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-8398.49175]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2011.629789] [PMID: 22034955]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.59.191] [PMID: 21297298]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611860802473345] [PMID: 19005938]
[PMID: 17184108]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-0987(99)00087-1] [PMID: 10699382]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.285.6347.1012] [PMID: 6127137]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01999.x] [PMID: 7126413]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.107] [PMID: 30093020]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811310050008] [PMID: 23360241]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.06.013] [PMID: 20600885]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2011.595841] [PMID: 21793779]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2007.06.007] [PMID: 17651952]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.02.015] [PMID: 17368982]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.052] [PMID: 26464131]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2015.1105239] [PMID: 26540095]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2014.944947] [PMID: 25198909]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.34988] [PMID: 24124007]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2009.03.002] [PMID: 19447205]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00844] [PMID: 29209215]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0442-x] [PMID: 28687035]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201813666160817150621] [PMID: 27538461]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b01377]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2013.6920] [PMID: 23646710]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2017.1420079] [PMID: 29260916]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.22360] [PMID: 20960455]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10837450802420559] [PMID: 18821272]
[PMID: 26146768]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.040] [PMID: 24746693]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10611869908996850] [PMID: 10937289]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.07.045] [PMID: 16942847]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811666140519161628] [PMID: 24844925]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.889779] [PMID: 24601826]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01220.x] [PMID: 21401598]
[PMID: 30033424]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.01.058] [PMID: 21291969]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S157566] [PMID: 29535519]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.02.044] [PMID: 25708004]
[PMID: 26229440]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2016.09.001] [PMID: 27770996]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2012.660951] [PMID: 22369145]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02033.x] [PMID: 15274672]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.01.003] [PMID: 15207535]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.02.001] [PMID: 15245884]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-3659(03)00195-0] [PMID: 12880698]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.014] [PMID: 17150317]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.01.032] [PMID: 16675176]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201812999150727131119] [PMID: 26212139]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2015.8781] [PMID: 26328412]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2015.09.014] [PMID: 26415829]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2013.808278] [PMID: 23795905]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.23997] [PMID: 24801679]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.10.056] [PMID: 23261566]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules18066734] [PMID: 23749161]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328206060436] [PMID: 16443624]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.201300515] [PMID: 24740974]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.054] [PMID: 22766443]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652040801903843] [PMID: 18465311]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.055] [PMID: 22248666]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2006.411] [PMID: 17048494]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-010-9488-7] [PMID: 20686881]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.21874] [PMID: 19691099]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.113.5_356] [PMID: 8336278]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.11.030] [PMID: 30550938]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.098] [PMID: 21683110]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/BME-171722] [PMID: 29457593]
[PMID: 15884295]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2006.06.008] [PMID: 16952452]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10837450802089123] [PMID: 18618331]
[PMID: 18380398]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(01)00740-2] [PMID: 11489552]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639045.2011.552908] [PMID: 21417605]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.21012] [PMID: 17497735]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt060116] [PMID: 16353953]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-016-0594-z] [PMID: 27480441]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2003.09.011] [PMID: 15018973]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.017] [PMID: 23328680]
[PMID: 29468926]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2018.07.048] [PMID: 30056210]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.898348] [PMID: 24725027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153303460900800605] [PMID: 19925027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0296-144] [PMID: 8574951]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0195-15] [PMID: 7584940]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10565-014-9275-4] [PMID: 24748055]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256136] [PMID: 15316146]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00231-8] [PMID: 10518683]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00080-7] [PMID: 12102196]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-0987(02)00057-X] [PMID: 12113891]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10837450.2012.705298] [PMID: 22813238]
[PMID: 25246787]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2010.07.003] [PMID: 20692375]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611860701453125] [PMID: 17613659]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652049209021249] [PMID: 1403485]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2013.1475] [PMID: 23627075]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2013.834417] [PMID: 24044644]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/J3SW2T] [PMID: 21486528]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2009.09.002] [PMID: 19800990]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.01.010] [PMID: 21241752]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(01)00597-X] [PMID: 11337147]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mp900279c] [PMID: 20163167]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.09.041] [PMID: 17055198]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/pt070127] [PMID: 16584139]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652040310001619992] [PMID: 14718187]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02652048.2010.523794] [PMID: 21171815]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.24153] [PMID: 25294798]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.59555] [PMID: 20376226]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652040701374889] [PMID: 17578734]
[PMID: 8584558]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-011-9675-1] [PMID: 21879393]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/0022357023835] [PMID: 15233861]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S146346] [PMID: 29391798]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000065608] [PMID: 12381895]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-015-0379-9] [PMID: 26381915]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.01.002] [PMID: 25595740]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.018] [PMID: 25772416]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.174986] [PMID: 26997694]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-014-1398-z] [PMID: 24805280]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.044] [PMID: 22310458]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.02.011] [PMID: 22386911]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-011-9663-5] [PMID: 21800216]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-011-0488-4] [PMID: 21614633]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0212-9] [PMID: 20652728]
[PMID: 28406344]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016021115481] [PMID: 8668678]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.22291] [PMID: 20799364]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01322.x] [PMID: 21827486]