An online submission and tracking service via internet facilitates a speedy and cost-effective submission
of manuscripts. The full manuscript should be submitted online via Bentham's Content Management System
(CMS) at bsp-cms.eurekaselect.com / (
Manuscripts must be submitted by one of the authors of the manuscript, and should not be submitted by anyone on their behalf. The principal/corresponding author will be required to submit a Copyright Letter along with the manuscript, on behalf of all the co-authors (if any) to confirm that the manuscript (or any part of it) has not been published previously or is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Furthermore, any illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. The figures from patent documents are freely available on the databases and may not require any permission unless stated otherwise.
The author's time is valuable and should not be wasted on research formatting. Free Format Submission makes it easier and faster to prepare text for submission.
When submitting to any Bentham journal, authors are not required to follow any formatting guidelines. When an article is accepted for publication, authors can submit it in the format of their choice, and Bentham will convert it into a journal-specific format for them.
If the submission is accepted for publication, Bentham will format it in accordance with the style and format of the journal.
For all online submissions, please provide soft copies ofall the materials (main text in MS Word or
Tex/LaTeX), figures/illustrations in TIFF, PDF or JPEG, and chemical structures drawn in ChemDraw
(CDX) / ISISDraw (TGF) as separate files, while a PDF version of the entire manuscript must also be
included, embedded with all the figures/illustrations/tables/chemical structures etc. It is
advisable that the document files related to a manuscript submission should always have the name of the
corresponding author as part of the file name, i.e., “Cilli MS text.doc” , “Cilli MS Figure 1”
It is imperative that before submission, the author(s) should carefully proofread the files for special characters, mathematical symbols, Greek letters, equations, tables, references and images to ensure that they appear in proper format.
References, figures, tables, chemical structures, etc. should be referred to in the text at the appropriate places where they have been first discussed. Figure legends/captions should also be provided.
A successful electronic submission of the manuscript will be confirmed by a system-generated email acknowledgement to the principal/corresponding author immediately. Any queries therein should be addressed at info@benthamscience.org.
The editorial policies of
The journal publishes mini and full length review and research articles written in English. Single Topic/Thematic Issues edited by invited Guest Editors are also considered for publication as are single review articles on recent patents of significant importance to the field.
These special issues are peer-reviewed and may contain invited or uninvited review/mini-review articles or a mixture of research articles, reviews/mini-reviews and drugs clinical trials. A Single Topic Issue Editor will offer a short perspective and co-ordinate the solicitation of manuscripts between 3-5 (for a mini-thematic topic) to 6-10 (for full-length thematic topic) from leading scientists. Authors interested in editing a single topic issue in an emerging topic of outstanding developments in DNA & gene sequences may submit their proposal to the Editor-in-Chief at radnag@benthamscience.org for consideration. Single Topic issues should only contain review papers.
For proposals to publish conference proceedings in this journal, please contact us at email: proceedings@benthamscience.org for consideration
The total number of words for a published comprehensive review article article is from 8000 to 40000 words, and for mini-review articles from 3000 to 6000 words.
The total number of words for a published research article is from 4000 to 8000 words.
Trial studies should be 4000 to 6000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes,
tables,
There is no restriction on the number of figures, tables or additional files
The manuscript should be written in English in a clear, direct and active style. All pages must be numbered sequentially, facilitating in the reviewing and editing of the manuscript.
It is advisable that authors prepare their manuscript using the template available on the Web, which will assist in preparation of the manuscript according to journal’s format. Download the Template.
Our contracted service provider Eureka Science can, if needed, provide professional assistance to authors for the improvement of English language and figures in manuscripts.
Manuscript may be divided into the following sections:
Copyright Letter
Title
Title Page
Structured Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Text Organization
Current & Future Developments
List of Abbreviations (if any)
Acknowledgements
Conflict of Interest
References
Appendices
Figures/Illustrations (if any)
Chemical Structures (if any)
Tables
Supportive/Supplementary Material (if any)
Authors who publish in Bentham Science print & online journals will transfer copyright to their work to Bentham Science Publishers. Submission of a manuscript to the respective journals implies that all authors have read and agreed to the content of the Copyright Letter or the Terms and Conditions. It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication. Once submitted to the journal, the author will not withdraw their manuscript at any stage prior to publication.
It is mandatory that a signed copyright letter also be submitted along with the manuscript by the author to whom correspondence is to be addressed. The article should not contain any such material or information that may be unlawful, defamatory, fabricated, plagiarized, or which would, if published, in any way whatsoever, violate the terms and conditions as laid down in the copyright agreement. Copyright letter can be downloaded from the journal's Web site. Download the Copyright letter.
The title of the article should be precise and brief and must not be more than 120 characters. Authors should avoid the use of non-standard abbreviations. The title must be written in title case except for articles, conjunctions and prepositions.
Title, running title, byline, correspondent footnote and keywords should be written as presented in original manuscripts.
Authors must provide a short ‘running title’ of their manuscript.
The names of the authors should be provided according to previous citations or as the authors would want them to be published along with the institutional affiliations and current address, telephone, cell & fax numbers and the email address must be provided, with an asterisk in front of the name of the principal author. The corresponding author should also be designated and the full address, telephone, cell & fax numbers and the email address must be stated to receive correspondence and galley proofs.
The abstract of an article should be its clear, concise and accurate summary, having no more than 250 words, and including the explicit sub-headings (as in-line or run-in headings in bold). Use of abbreviations should be avoided and the references should not be cited in the abstract. Ideally, each abstract should include the following sub-headings, but these may vary according to requirements of the article.
Background
Objective
Method
Results
Conclusion
A graphic must be included with each manuscript for use in the Table of Contents (TOC). This must be
submitted separately as an electronic file (preferred file types are EPS, PDF, TIFF, Microsoft Word,
PowerPoint and CDX etc.). A graphical abstract, not exceeding 30 words along with the illustration,
helps to summarize the contents of the manuscript in a concise pictorial form. It is meant as an aid
for the rapid viewing of the journals' contents and to help capture the readers’ attention. The
graphical abstract may feature a key structure, reaction, equation,
Graphical Abstracts should be submitted as a separate file (must clearly mention graphical abstract within the file) online via Bentham's Content Management System by selecting the option “supplementary material”.
6 to 8 keywords must be provided.
The main text should begin on a separate page and should be divided into title page, abstract and the
main text. The text may be subdivided further according to the areas to be discussed, which should
be followed by the List of Abbreviations, Conflict of Interest, Acknowledgement and Reference
sections. For Research Articles the manuscript should begin with the title page and abstract
followed by the main text, which must be structured into separate sections as Introduction,
Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, List of Abbreviations, Conflict of Interest,
Acknowledgements and References. If your research article reports the results of a controlled health
care intervention such as a Drug Clinical Trial Studies/Case Report, list your trial registry, along
with the unique identifying number. The Review Article should mention any previous important, recent
and old reviews in the field and contain a comprehensive discussion starting with the general
background of the field. It should then go on to discuss the salient features of recent developments
along with relevant patents. The authors should avoid presenting material which has already been
published in a previous review. The authors are advised to present and discuss their observations in
brief. The manuscript style must be uniform throughout the text and 10pt Times New Roman fonts
should be used. The full term for an abbreviation should precede its first appearance in the text
unless it is a standard unit of measurement. Italics should be used for Binomial names of organisms
(Genus and Species), for emphasis and for unfamiliar words or phrases. Non-assimilated words from
Latin or other languages should also be italicized
All clinical investigations must be conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki principles. For all manuscripts reporting data from studies involving human participants, formal review and approval by an appropriate institutional review board or ethics committee is required. For research involving animals, the authors should indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the standards set forth in the eighth edition of Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals_prepub.pdf; published by the National Academy of Sciences, The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.).
A specific declaration of such approval must be made in the copyright letter and in a stand-alone paragraph at the end of the Methods section especially in the case of human studies where inclusion of a statement regarding obtaining the written informed consent from each subject or subject's guardian is a must. The original should be retained by the guarantor or corresponding author. Editors may request to provide the original forms by fax or email.
Randomized drug clinical trial studies are biomedical or health-related interventional and/or observational research studies conducted in phases in human beings who are randomly allocated to receive or not receive a preventive, therapeutic, or diagnostic intervention that follows a pre-defined protocol. The study is intended to determine the safety and efficacy of approaches to disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Authors of randomized controlled trials are encouraged to submit trial protocols along with their manuscripts. All clinical trials must be registered (before recruitment of the first participant) at an appropriate online public trial registry that must be independent of for-profit interest (e.g.,www.clinicaltrials.gov). If you wish the editor(s) to consider an unregistered trial, please explain briefly why the trial has not been registered.
All randomized clinical trials should include a flow diagram and authors should provide a completed randomized trial checklist (see CONSORT Flow Diagram and Checklist; www.consort-statement.org) and a trial protocol. For further details, please visit complete guidelines at: http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html
Studies of diagnostic accuracy must be reported according to STARD guidelines; (http://www.stard-statement.org)
Observational studies (cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional designs) must be reported according to the STROBE statement, and should be submitted with their protocols; (www.strobe-statement.org).
Genetic association studies must be reported according to STREGA guidelines; (www.medicine.uottawa.ca)
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses must be reported according to PRISMA guidelines; (www.prisma-statement.org)
To find the reporting guidelines see (http://www.equator-network.org)
Important points to remember while submitting clinical trials:
Each manuscript should clearly state an objective or hypothesis; the design and methods (including the study setting and dates, patients or participants with inclusion and exclusion criteria, or data sources, and how these were selected for the study); the essential features of any interventions; the main outcome measures; the main results of the study; a comment section placing the results in context with the published literature and addressing study limitations; and the conclusions. Data included in research reports must be original.
Trial registry name, registration identification number, and the URL for the registry should be included at the end of the abstract and also in the space provided on the online manuscript submission form. If your research article reports the results of a controlled health care intervention, list the trial registry, along with the unique identifying number (Please note that there should be no space between the letters and numbers of your trial registration number). Studies designed for other purposes, such as to study pharmacokinetics or major toxicity (e.g., phase 1 trials), are exempted.
All reports of randomized trials should include a section entitled “Randomization and Masking”, within the Methods section.
The manuscript must include a statement identifying the institutional and/or licensing committee that has approved the experiments, including any relevant details.
The SI system of units and the recommended international non-proprietary name (rINN) for drug names must be used. Kindly ensure that the dose, route, and frequency of administration of any drug you mention are correct.
Please ensure that the clinical trials sponsored by pharmaceutical companies follow the guidelines on good publication practice: (http://www.gpp-guidelines.org)
The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the above-mentioned requirements. The author will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
Authors who wish to submit a review article on recent patents, should review the most recent and important patents based on the topic covered. Coverage of novel bioactive compounds, analogs & targets, techniques and drug design in all areas of DNA and gene sequence should be emphasized, including the significance of reported patents.
The review/research article should conclude with a short section called “Current & Future Developments”. The author(s) will give their opinion on the current and future important developments on the topic discussed in their article.
Greek symbols and special characters often undergo formatting changes and get corrupted or lost during preparation of a manuscript for publication. To ensure that all special characters used are embedded in the text, these special characters should be inserted as a symbol but should not be a result of any format styling (Symbol font face) otherwise they will be lost during the conversion to PDF/XML.
Authors are encouraged to consult reporting guidelines. These guidelines provide a set of recommendations comprising a list of items relevant to their specific research design.
Only ISO symbols, written in italic, should be used for the various parameters. All kinds of measurements should be reported only in International System of Units (SI). SI units should always be written in Roman and separated from the numerical value by a space (whatever the language).
The µ in µg or µm should be in Roman. The symbol for litre is L and that for minute is min. For temperature, please use only one of °C, °F or K in the entire manuscript. As the Angström (1Å = 10-10m) is not an SI unit, it should be replaced by the nanometre (1nm = 10-9 m) or by the picometer (1pm = 10-12 m): 1Å = 0.1nm = 100 pm. Multiple units should be written with negative superscripts (for example, 25mgµL-1 µs-1). The list of notations should appear just before the first paragraph of full text.
A list of symbols and units should be provided if used extensively throughout the text.
A small paragraph summarizing the contents of the article, presenting the final outcome of the research or proposing further study on the subject, may be given at the end of the article under the Conclusion section.
If abbreviations are used in the text either they should be defined in the text where first used, or a list of abbreviations can be provided.
Any research assistants or other individuals who assisted with the research but are not listed as authors, such as those who carried out the literature review, produced, computerized, and analyzed the data, or helped with the language, writing, or proofreading of the article, or offered any comments or suggestions, should be acknowledged. Briefly, everyone who has contributed significantly to the improvement of the paper should be acknowledged. It is recommended to mention the "Declared None" if there is no acknowledgement for the study.
Guest or honorary authorship based solely on position (e.g. research supervisor, departmental head) is discouraged.
The specific requirements for authorship have been defined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE; www.icmje.org). Examples of authors' contributions are: 'designed research/study', 'performed research/study', 'contributed important reagents', 'collected data', 'analyzed data', 'wrote paper' etc. This information must be included in the submitted manuscript as a separate paragraph under the heading 'Authors' Contribution'. The corresponding author is responsible for obtaining permission from all co-authors for the submission of any version of the manuscript and for any changes in the authorship.
Financial contributions and any potential conflict of interest must be clearly acknowledged under the heading ‘Conflict of Interest’. Authors must list the source(s) of funding for the study. This should be done for each author.
References should be numbered sequentially [in square brackets] in the text and listed in the same numerical order in the reference section. All references must be complete and accurate. Online citations should include the date of access. Journal titles should conform to the present Index Medicus abbreviations. It is necessary to list all authors if the total number of authors is 6 or less, If the number of authors exceeds 6 then list the first 3 authors and then use et al. The reference numbers must be finalized and the bibliography must be fully formatted before submission.
References should be listed in the following Vancouver Style:
Boehm M, Nabel EG. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 - A new cardiac regulator. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 1795-7.
Crabtree RH. The organometallic chemistry of the transition metals. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley & Sons 2001.
Yeh DC, Rocco T. In: David EG, Armen HT, Ehrin JA, April WA, Eds. Integrative cardiovascular pharmacology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2005: pp. 375-83.
Jakeman DL, Withers SGE. Carbohydrate bioengineering: interdisciplinary approaches.
Hoffman BJ. Metabolism: amino acid transporters as targets for therapeutic intervention.
National Library of Medicine. Specialized information services: Toxicology and environmental health. Available at: sis.nlm.nih.gov/Tox/ToxMain.html (Accessed on: May 23, 2009).
Mackel H. Capturing the spectra of silicon solar cells. PhD Thesis, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, December 2004.
As a service, the Publishers can provide each author a certain number of relevant patents to assist them in writing their article. All patent application references will be provided by the author and will be published as it is.
All inventors’ names of the cited patents must be stated with the title, publication number and the year of publication e.g. Chesnut JD, Carrino J, Leong L, Madden K, Gleeson MAG, Fan J, Brasch MA, Cheo D, Hartley JL, Byrd DRN, Temple GF. Methods and compositions for synthesis of nucleic acid molecules using multiple recognition sites. US7198924, 2007.
Citation of the patents will be according to the international convention as follows:
Miranda J, Sablotsky S. Solubility parameter based drug delivery system and method for altering drug saturation concentration. WO9300058, 1993.
Huang D, Qi DF. Protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol and their use as synergistic anti-cancer agents. WO03024459, 2003.
Balzarini J, Liekens S. Anti-cancer combination therapy. WO2009138507, 2009.
Strelchenok O. New compounds for the treatment of cancer. US20010018425, 2001.
Landau BR, Landau S. Treatment of cancer with 2-Deoxygalactose. US20090163442, 2009.
Sakamoto I, Takagi K. Anti-cancer device. US4536387, 1985.
Baguley BC, Ching L-M, Philpott M. Cancer treatment by combination therapy. US7510830, 2009.
Rimm DL, Wardlaw SC, Levine RA, Fiedler P. Method for the detection, identification, enumeration and confirmation of circulating cancer cells and/or hemotologic progenitor cells in whole blood. EP0919812A2, 1999.
Miller TM, Jamison JM. Non-toxic anti-cancer drug combining ascorbate, magnesium and a naphthoquinone. EP2034835A2, 2009.
Some important points to remember:
Superscripts in the in-text citations and reference section should be avoided.
Abstracts, unpublished data and personal communications (which can only be included if prior permission has been obtained) should not be given in the reference section but they may be mentioned in the text and details provided as footnotes.
The authors are encouraged to use a recent version of EndNote (version 5 and above) or Reference Manager (version 10) when formatting their reference list, as this allows references to be automatically extracted.
Data tables should be submitted in Microsoft Word table format.
Each table should include a title/caption being explanatory in itself with respect to the details discussed in the table. Detailed legends may then follow.
Table number in bold font
Tables should be embedded in the text exactly according to their appropriate placement in the submitted manuscript.
Columns and rows of data should be made visibly distinct by ensuring that the borders of each cell are displayed as black lines.
Tables should be numbered in Arabic numerals sequentially in order of their citation in the body of the text.
If a reference is cited in both the table and text, please insert a lettered footnote in the table to refer to the numbered reference in the text.
All authors must strictly follow the guidelines below for preparing illustrations for publication in
Illustrations should be provided as separate files, embedded in the text file, and must be numbered consecutively in the order of their appearance. Each figure should include only a single illustration which should be cropped to minimize the amount of space occupied by the illustration.
If a figure is in separate parts, all parts of the figure must be provided in a single composite illustration file.
Photographs should be provided with a scale bar if appropriate, as well as high-resolution component files.
Line Art image type is normally an image based on lines and text. It does not contain tonal or shaded areas. The preferred file format should be TIFF or EPS, with the color mode being Monochrome 1-bit or RGB, in a resolution of 900-1200 dpi.
Halftone image type is a continuous tone photograph containing no text. It should have the preferred file format TIFF, with color mode being RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution of 300 dpi.
Combination image type is an image containing halftone , text or line art elements. It should have the preferred file format TIFF, with color mode being RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution of 500-900 dpi.
Illustrations may be submitted in the following file formats:
Bentham Science does not process figures submitted in GIF format.
For TIFF or EPS figures with considerably large file size restricting the file size in online submissions is advisable. Authors may therefore convert to JPEG format before submission as this results in significantly reduced file size and upload time, while retaining acceptable quality. JPEG is a ‘lossy’ format. However, in order to maintain acceptable image quality, it is recommended that JPEG files are saved at High or Maximum quality.
Zipit or Stuffit tools should not be used to compress files prior to submission as the resulting compression through these tools is always negligible.
Please refrain from supplying:
Graphics embedded in word processor (spreadsheet, presentation) document.
Optimized files optimized for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG) because of the low resolution.
Files with too low a resolution.
Graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
There are many software packages, many of them freeware or shareware, capable of converting to and from different graphics formats, including PNG.
General tools for image conversion include Graphic Converter on the Macintosh, Paint Shop Pro, for Windows, and ImageMagick, available on Macintosh, Windows and UNIX platforms.
Bitmap images (e.g. screenshots) should not be converted to EPS as they result in a much larger file size than the equivalent JPEG, TIFF, PNG or BMP, and poor quality. EPS should only be used for images produced by vector-drawing applications such as Adobe Illustrator or CorelDraw. Most vector-drawing applications can be saved in, or exported as, EPS format. If the images were originally prepared in an Office application, such as Word or PowerPoint, original Office files should be directly uploaded to the site, instead of being converted to JPEG or another format of low quality.
The cost for each individual page of color figures/plates/illustrations is
Color figures should be supplied in CMYK and not RGB colors.
Chemical structures MUST be prepared in ChemDraw (CDX file) and provided as separate file.
[As according to the ACS style sheet]
Chain angle
120°
Bond spacing
18% of width
Fixed length
14.4 pt (0.500cm, 0.2in)
Bold width
2.0 pt (0.071cm, 0.0278in)
Line width
0.6 pt (0.021cm, 0.0084in)
Margin width
1.6 pt (0.096cm)
Hash spacing
2.5 pt (0.088cm, 0.0347in)
Font
Times New Roman
Size
8 pt
Units
points
Tolerances
3 pixels
Paper
US letter
Scale
100%
We do encourage to append supportive material, for example a PowerPoint file containing a talk about the study, a PowerPoint file containing additional screenshots, a Word, RTF, or PDF document showing the original instrument(s) used, a video, or the original data (SAS/SPSS files, Excel files, Access Db files etc.) provided it is inevitable or endorsed by the journal's Editor.
Supportive/Supplementary Material intended for publication must be numbered and referred to in the
manuscript
Any additional files will be linked to the final published article in the form supplied by the
author, but will not be displayed within the paper. They will be made available in exactly the same
form as originally provided
Authors must clearly indicate if these files are not for publication but meant for the reviewers'/editors' perusal only.
Permission to Reuse Bentham Content
Bentham Science has collaborated with the Copyright Clearance Center to meet our customer’s licensing, besides rights & permission needs.
The Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink® service makes it faster and easier to secure permission from Bentham Science’s journal titles. Visit Journals by Title and locate the desired content. Then go to the article’s abstract and click on “Rights and Permissions” to open the RightsLink’s page. If authors can't find the content they are looking for or can't get the rights they need, please contact us at permissions@benthamscience.net
Third-Party Permissions
Authors are responsible for managing the inclusion of third-party content as an author/editor of a work. We refer to 'third party content' as any work that authors haven't developed themselves and have copied or adapted from other sources. Text, figures, photographs, tables, screenshots, and other items may be included.
Unless the figure is in the public domain (copyright-free) or permitted for use under Creative Commons or other open licences, the author must get permission from the copyright holder(s).
Published/reproduced material should not be included unless written permission has been obtained from the copyright holder, which should be forwarded to the Editorial Office in case of acceptance of the article for publication.
Articles are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted distribution and reproduction in any medium, as long as the work is properly credited/attributed. For more details, please visit Open Access Policy
All papers submitted for publication are immediately subjected to editorial scrutiny, usually in consultation with members of the journal Editorial Advisory Board and outside independent reviewers. Every effort will be made to peer review submitted papers quickly. Papers which are delayed by authors in revision for more than 30 days will have to be re-submitted as a new submission. Papers accepted for publication are typeset and proofs are dispatched to authors for any corrections prior to final publication.
No page charges will be levied to the authors.
Authors should seek professional assistance for the correction of grammatical, scientific, and typographical errors before submission of the revised version of the article for publication.
You may use the professional editing services of our nominated English Language editing organizations TopEdit or Eureka Science.
Please note that we accept a language certificate, only from one of the above two language editing organizations.
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Les manuscrits soumis avec plusieurs erreurs typographiques en Anglais ne seront pas publiés en l’état. Les manuscrits sont acceptés pour publication à la condition que l'anglais utilisé soit corrigé après la soumission et seront envoyés pour examen à Eureka Science, une société d'édition de langue professionnelle. Les auteurs en provenance de pays où la langue est différente de l'anglais et qui ont de médiocres compétences en anglais écrit, sont priés de contacter la société d'édition de langue avant de soumettre leur manuscrit à la revue. Merci de contacter Eureka Science à info@eureka-science.com pour un devis en indiquant le nombre total de mot de l’article à éditer.
Authors will receive page proofs of their accepted paper before publications. To avoid delays in
publication, proofs should be checked immediately for typographical errors and returned within
The corresponding author will be solely responsible for ensuring that the revised version of the manuscript incorporating all the submitted corrections receives the approval of all the co-authors of the manuscript.
Printed reprints and e-prints may be ordered from the Publisher prior to publication of the article. First named authors may also order a personal online subscription of the journal at 50% off the normal subscription rate by contacting the subscription department at e-mail: subscriptions@benthamscience.org.
Bentham Science also offers authors the choice of “Open Access Plus (Gold Open Access)” publication of
articles at a fee of
For more information please contact us at e-mail: openaccess@benthamscience.org
Authors who publish in Bentham Science Journals will transfer copyright to their work to Bentham Science Publishers. Submission of a manuscript to the respective journals implies that all authors have read and agreed to the content of the Copyright Letter or the Terms and Conditions. It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication. Once submitted to the journal, the author will not withdraw their manuscript at any stage prior to publication.
By signing the Copyright Letter the authors retain the rights of self-archiving. Following are the important features of self-archiving policy of Bentham Science journals:
Authors can deposit the first draft of a submitted article on their personal websites, their institution’s repositories or any non-commercial repository for personal use, internal institutional use or for permitted scholarly posting.
Authors may deposit the ACCEPTED VERSION of the peer-reviewed article on their personal websites,
their institution’s repository or any non-commercial repository such as PMC, arXiv after
If the research is funded by NIH, Wellcome Trust or any other Open Access Mandate, authors are allowed the archiving of published version of manuscripts in an institutional repository after the mandatory embargo period. Authors should first contact the Editorial Office of the journal for information about depositing a copy of the manuscript to a repository. Consistent with the copyright agreement, Bentham Science does not allow archiving of FINAL PUBLISHED VERSION of manuscripts.
The link to the original source of publication should be provided by inserting the DOI number of
the article in the following sentence: “The published manuscript is available at EurekaSelect
via https://www.eurekaselect.com/openurl/content.php?genre=article&doi=
There is no embargo on the archiving of articles published under the OPEN ACCESS PLUS (GOLD OPEN ACCESS) category. Authors are allowed deposition of such articles on institutional, non-commercial repositories and personal websites immediately after publication on the journal website.
Bentham Science Publishers uses the iThenticate software to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts. iThenticate software checks content against a database of periodicals, the Internet, and a comprehensive article database. It generates a similarity report, highlighting the percentage overlap between the uploaded article and the published material. Any instance of content overlap is further scrutinized for suspected plagiarism according to the publisher’s Editorial Policies. Bentham Science allows an overall similarity of 20% for a manuscript to be considered for publication. The similarity percentage is further checked keeping the following important points in view:
The text of every submitted manuscript is checked by using the Content Tracking mode in iThenticate. The Content Tracking mode ensures that manuscripts with an overall low percentage similarity (but which may have a higher similarity from a single source) are not overlooked. If the similarity level is significantly high, then the manuscript is returned to the author for paraphrasing the text and citing the original source of the copied material.
It is important to mention that the text taken from different sources with an overall low similarity percentage will be considered as a plagiarized content if the majority of the article is a combination of copied material.
There may be some manuscripts with an overall low similarity percentage, but a higher percentage from a single source. For instance, a manuscript may have less than 20% overall similarity but there may be 15 % similar text taken from a single article; the similarity index in such cases is higher than the approved limit for a single source. Authors are advised to thoroughly rephrase the similar text and properly cite the original source to avoid plagiarism and copyright violation.
We all know that scholarly manuscripts are written after a thorough review of previously published articles. It is therefore, not easy to draw a clear boundary between legitimate representation and plagiarism. However, the following important features can assist in identifying different kinds of plagiarized content. These are:
Reproduction of others words, sentences, ideas or findings as one’s own without proper acknowledgement.
Text recycling, also known as self-plagiarism. It is an author’s use of a previous publication in another paper without proper citation and acknowledgment of the original source.
Paraphrasing poorly: Copying complete paragraphs and modifying a few words without changing the structure of original sentences or changing the sentence structure but not the words.
Verbatim copying of text without putting quotation marks and not acknowledging the work of the original author.
Properly citing a work but poorly paraphrasing the original text is considered as unintentional plagiarism. Similarly, manuscripts with language somewhere between paraphrasing and quoting are not acceptable. Authors should either paraphrase properly or quote and in both cases, cite the original source.
Higher similarity in the abstract, introduction, materials and methods, and discussion and conclusion sections indicates that the manuscript may contain plagiarized text. Authors can easily explain these parts of the manuscript in many ways. However, technical terms and sometimes standard procedures cannot be rephrased; therefore Editors must review these sections carefully before making a decision.
Published manuscripts which are found to contain plagiarized text are retracted from the journal website after careful investigation and approval by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal. A ‘Retraction Note’ as well as a link to the original article is published on the electronic version of the plagiarized manuscript and an addendum with retraction notification in the journal concerned.
For further details, please visit: https://www.eurekaselect.com/research-misconduct
Bentham Science Publishers is pleased to offer electronic publication of accepted papers prior to scheduled publication.
These peer-reviewed papers can be cited using the date of access and the unique DOI number. Any final
changes in manuscripts will be made at the time of print publication and will be reflected in the final
electronic version of the issue. Articles ahead of schedule may be ordered by pay-per-view at the
relevant links by each article stated
Articles appearing in E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule sections have been peer-reviewed and accepted for
publication in this journal and posted online before scheduled publication. Articles appearing here
may contain statements, opinions, and information that have errors in facts, figures, or
interpretation. Accordingly,
