AI in the Social and Business World: A Comprehensive Approach

Advancements in Remote Heart Monitoring: Wearable Technology and AI-based Approaches for Cardiovascular Disease Detection

Author(s): Immaculate Joy S.* and Kanagamalliga S.

Pp: 102-117 (16)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815256864124010006

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

In the era of precision medicine and individualized approaches, remote monitoring and control of heart function have emerged as critical components of patient evaluation and management. The integration of consumer-grade software and hardware devices for health monitoring has gained popularity as technological advancements become increasingly integrated into daily life. The cardiology community must adapt to the demands of distant and decentralized care, as highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Wearable technology, such as vital sign monitors, holds significant potential for monitoring heart disease and associated risk factors. This book chapter explores the expanding applications of wearable technology in cardiology, focusing on examples such as Holter-event recording and electrocardiogram (ECG) patches. Textile-based sensors and wristbands are implemented across various patient groups, emphasizing real-time deployment and the evolving role of wearables in arrhythmia, cardiovascular disorders, and associated risk factors. The importance of conducting clinical trials and using proper terminology for clinical validation is also highlighted. To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of ECG signal analysis, this chapter proposes a novel approach that combines AI-based unsupervised Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) with a recursive-based Ensemble Neural Network (ENN). The LSTM component effectively denoises raw ECG signals and enables faster convergence. The ENN, with its built-in deep layers, provides an improved classification of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) present in the input ECG data. The recursive approach employed by the ENN efficiently utilizes the available parameters, even in the presence of noisy labels. The proposed method demonstrates enhanced prediction and classification of CVD, with high precision, recall, and F1 score. The objective is to derive a checkpoint between clinical and research potentials, identify gaps, and address potential risks associated with CVD detection using ECG measurements. By leveraging wearable technology and advanced AI techniques, clinicians and researchers can benefit from improved diagnostic accuracy, remote patient monitoring, and personalized care. The insights gained from this chapter will contribute to the ongoing advancements in remote heart monitoring and facilitate the adoption of innovative approaches in cardiovascular disease management.

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      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59584110 and j.to_ip >=59584110 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740676666 and j.to_date >= 1740676666 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 23444) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59584110 and j.to_ip >=59584110 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740676666 and j.to_date >= 1740676666 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 23444) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59584110 and j.to_ip >=59584110 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740676666 and j.to_date >= 1740676666 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 23444)
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3782 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740676666 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740676666 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.21msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3782
      • 3: 1740676666
      • 4: 1740676666
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='68a50b8d8efbb0aad5f3d0ff3a01edb7'
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        5sRHCcPyPtYpD9x2Gf6fNYGTGHBNlOkPuP1mcdhS
        uc_cart_id
        68a50b8d8efbb0aad5f3d0ff3a01edb7
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/23444" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/23444
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
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        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "5sRHCcPyPtYpD9x2Gf6fNYGTGHBNlOkPuP1mcdhS" "uc_cart_id" => "68a50b8d8efbb0aad5f3d0ff3a01edb7" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/23444" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-27 17:17:46GET/chapter/23444112182