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Current Aging Science

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ISSN (Print): 1874-6098
ISSN (Online): 1874-6128

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Research Article

Development of an Efficient, Non-Invasive Method for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Stratification in a Resource-Limited Setting

Author(s): Biswarup Pramanik and Amit Ghosh*

Volume 12, Issue 2, 2019

Page: [91 - 99] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1874609812666190618105111

Abstract

Background: Augmentation Index (AIx) is considered as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease. So, quantification of AIx may provide a rapid cost-effective and non-invasive means of cardiovascular risk stratification. At present, WHO/ISH risk prediction charts are used to predict 10-year risk of a fatal or nonfatal major cardiovascular event, an assessment which requires laboratory support for blood chemistry and thus making it ill-suited for resource-limited settings.

Objectives: In this study, we examined the association of AIx with cardiovascular risk as determined by the WHO/ISH chart and identified AIx cut-offs to stratify patients into different risk categories.

Methods: A case-control study with 162 cases and 61 controls was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. Data were obtained for demographic, anthropometric, cardiovascular, and biochemical parameters. Cardiovascular risk assessment was carried out by WHO/ISH risk model in R. Statistical analysis was done for examining the association of AIx with WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk and for identifying AIx cut-offs to stratify patients into different risk categories.

Results: Box and whisker plots for assessing the correlation between AIx and WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk showed an increase in the median value of AIx with increasing risk in both cases and controls. Heart rate corrected AIx showed a steady increase with increasing risk in males. AIx cutoffs showed good sensitivity and specificity for each risk category.

Conclusion: AIx is remarkably associated with cardiovascular risk as assessed by the WHO/ISH chart and the AIx cut-offs obtained in the study can be used as an efficient, non-invasive surrogate biomarker of cardiovascular risk even in resource-limited settings.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, vascular stiffness, pulse wave analysis, risk assessment, AIx, anthropometric.

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