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Review Article

糖尿病认知功能障碍:从临床到临床

卷 27, 期 19, 2020

页: [3151 - 3167] 页: 17

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1871530319666190206225635

价格: $65

摘要

Ⅱ型糖尿病增加老年人认知功能障碍的风险，表现为短期记忆和执行功能障碍。遗传和饮食诱发的2型糖尿病模型进一步支持了这一联系，显示了工作记忆、学习和记忆表现方面的缺陷。糖尿病认知功能障碍的危险因素包括血管疾病、低血糖、高脂血症、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、生活方式和遗传因素。通过神经成像技术，认知功能障碍的糖尿病患者出现全脑萎缩，尤其是灰质、海马和杏仁核;心室和白质体积增加;脑梗塞;网络完整性受损;微观结构异常;降低脑血流和低频波动幅度。认知功能障碍的2型糖尿病发病机制包括高血糖、大血管和微血管疾病、胰岛素抵抗、炎症、细胞凋亡和神经递质紊乱。大型临床试验可能为糖尿病认知功能障碍的生物标志物和危险因素提供进一步的证据。先进的神经成像技术和新的疾病动物模型将有助于阐明精确的发病机制，并提供更好的治疗干预和治疗。

关键词: Ⅱ型糖尿病，认知功能障碍，高血糖，胰岛素抵抗，炎症，血管疾病。

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