摘要
载体是将感染性动物传染给人类或其他动物的活生物体。 诸如蚊子，蜱和沙蝇等生物载体携带病原体，这些病原体在递送至新宿主之前在其体内繁殖。 传染病（VBDs）如伊蚊传染病，基孔肯雅热（CHIKV），寨卡病毒（ZIKV），疟疾，蜱虫病（TBD）和恙虫病的流行率增加对两者的健康都有巨大影响。 全世界的人类和牲畜。 特别是蚊子和蜱虫传播的人畜共患疾病给公共健康带来了相当大的负担。 已经开发出疫苗，药物和媒介控制方法来预防和治疗VBD并且已经预防了数百万人的死亡。 然而，这种策略的发展落后于VBD的迅速出现。 因此，必须立即考虑对抗VBD的综合方法。 在这篇综述中，我将重点讨论新出现的VBD爆发带来的挑战，并讨论旨在克服这一负担的现有药物和疫苗。 对有希望的药物的研究需要升级和快速跟踪，并且需要将在体外和体内模型中测试的新药物或疫苗转移到人体临床试验中。 如果我们要管理具有医学重要性的VBD，需要不断监测主动预防策略，以及新的和升级的诊断，监测，治疗和疫苗接种策略。
关键词: 生物载体，载体传播疾病（VBD），爆发，疫苗，临床试验，药物。
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