Gastroduodenal Disorders in Patients with CVID Undergoing Immunoglobulin Therapy

Title:Gastroduodenal Disorders in Patients with CVID Undergoing Immunoglobulin Therapy

Volume: 19 Issue: 9

Author(s): Gilda Varricchi*, Antonio Pecoraro*, Ludovica Crescenzi, Giancarlo Marone, Antonio Travaglino, Francesco Paolo D'Armiento, Arturo Genovese and Giuseppe Spadaro

Affiliation:

• Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Naples,Italy

• Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Naples,Italy

Keywords: CVID, duodenitis, gastritis, IELs, Giardia lamblia, Helicobacter pylori, immunodeficiency, immunoglobulin therapy.

Abstract: Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) encompasses a heterogeneous group of primary antibody deficiency disorders characterized by recurrent infections, autoimmunity and malignancies. Gastrointestinal manifestations are frequently associated with CVID.

Objective: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated gastric and duodenal involvement in a cohort of adult patients with CVID.

Methods: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in 58 patients (26 males, mean age 47.8±15.6 years), diagnosed with CVID according to 2014 ESID criteria. Random biopsies were collected from gastric antrum and descending duodenum for the all enrolled subjects. Intraepithelial lymphocytosis in descending duodenum was defined as the presence of 25 lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes.

Results: The major histopathological findings that we found were: a) chronic active gastritis (44.8%), Helicobacter pylori-associated (8.6%), b) chronic duodenitis (39.6%) with intraepithelial lymphocytosis (31%) and absence of plasma cells (18.9%) and c) autoimmune atrophic gastritis (5.2%). Three patients (5.2%) presented Intestinal Metaplasia (IM) of the gastric antrum. This finding was associated with H. pylori infection and persisted after the eradication in one patient. IM was associated with autoimmune atrophic gastritis in two cases. Giardia lamblia infection was observed in the duodenum samples from three patients (5.2%). A diagnosis of Gastric adenocarcinoma was made in a 58-year- old woman diagnosed with gastric dysplasia one year earlier.

Conclusion: In our cohort of CVID patients, gastro-duodenal histopathological findings, including malignancies, are frequent and can affect long-term prognosis. A rigorous endoscopic follow-up is needed in CVID patients irrespective of the gastrointestinal symptoms.

Cite this article as:

Varricchi Gilda *, Pecoraro Antonio *, Crescenzi Ludovica , Marone Giancarlo , Travaglino Antonio , D'Armiento Paolo Francesco , Genovese Arturo and Spadaro Giuseppe , Gastroduodenal Disorders in Patients with CVID Undergoing Immunoglobulin Therapy, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2018; 19 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201019666181010170630